LineSpeakerSt TimeContentEn Time
1LES_int_010.2743Um, okay. Well so we can get started officially. [So,] um, <ts>4.2065
2LES_se0_ag2_m_012.9988[Okay.]3.4211
3LES_int_014.3650I'm /RD-NAME-4/ and I'm talking to /RD-NAME-3/, tell me your last name again?8.4229
4LES_se0_ag2_m_018.4229My name is /RD-NAME-4/.9.5905
5LES_int_019.5905/RD-NAME-1/.9.9533
6LES_se0_ag2_m_0110.1561Yes.10.6597
7LES_int_0110.6877Hi /RD-NAME-3/.11.5737
8LES_se0_ag2_m_0111.6444How you [doing?]12.3290
9LES_int_0111.9747[Um,] I'm good.13.4187
10 14.2408So I normally ask people just sort of start at the beginning of their lives. So could you tell me when and where you were born?20.5185
11LES_se0_ag2_m_0120.7531<ts> Kay. I was born November eleventh, nineteen eighty-four24.3808
13 24.8704at /RD-ADDRESS-5/ in Brooklyn, New York.26.9158 
14LES_int_0127.1956[Okay.]27.6411
15LES_se0_ag2_m_0127.5763[Um,] so I'm originally a Brooklynite.29.2922
16 29.7728I lived in Brooklyn up until I was32.5209
18 33.2075three or four years old, then I moved to this apartment on [/RD-ADDRESS-/, now I'm in the s-]37.3915 
19LES_int_0136.9532[This]37.6106
20 37.8515[same apartment?]38.6861
21LES_se0_ag2_m_0137.9727[Yeah, same] exact I- I been living here for going on twenty-one, twenty-two years now.42.2253
22LES_int_0142.3092That's [amazing.]43.0573
23LES_se0_ag2_m_0142.9541[Yeah,]43.2852
24 43.5696so.43.9566
25LES_int_0144.0499Um, can you tell me a little bit about your family and their history? Like, how did they end up in Brooklyn and then here?49.3406
26LES_se0_ag2_m_0149.4059Okay. <ts> Well my grandmother was from down south51.7964
27LES_int_0151.8197<ts> Okay.52.1461
28LES_se0_ag2_m_0152.1554and, you know, she wound up moving, I believe54.7697
30 54.8909South Carolina and the migrated up to B-56.5556 
32 56.9706and up to New York, Brooklyn.58.2683 
33LES_int_0158.4361[Mm-hm.]58.7873
34LES_se0_ag2_m_0158.4493[She,] you know, got married, had,60.5039
35 61.0334you know, my m-61.6738
37 61.9846my mother and my other aunts and uncles.64.7927 
39 65.2221And so our- our family was, um, you know, that's where our family,68.8062 
41 69.3378you know, was70.2051 
43 70.4569was breeded at, I guess. And w- that's where we72.4556 
45 72.8986where- you know, that's where we established ourselves, /?/.74.9866 
46LES_int_0174.6269[Where] in Brooklyn was [this?]75.9652
47LES_se0_ag2_m_0175.5422[<ts> Um, well- well they-]76.9195
48LES_int_0176.4235[/inaudible/]76.7922
49LES_se0_ag2_m_0177.5146they moved around B- different parts of Brooklyn, [but w-]80.1316
50LES_int_0179.5710[Uh-huh.]80.0107
51LES_se0_ag2_m_0180.2984you know,80.6901
53 80.8160since then I was born, we82.2629 
55 82.7338lived in Bedford-Stuyvesant.83.9788 
57 84.1187[And now] we're s- that's where the heard of our family's at, at the Bedford-Stuyvesant, [Brooklyn.]87.5164 
58LES_int_0184.1187[Uh-huh.]84.5077
60 87.0874[Do you- and you] still have family that [live there?]88.7240 
61LES_se0_ag2_m_0188.2717[Yep,]88.5943
62 88.7639definitely.89.4642
63LES_int_0189.7420So why did, um,91.4719
65 91.6304you guys decided to move [here?]93.3277 
66LES_se0_ag2_m_0193.1505[<ts>]93.3650
67 93.5702Well, it was a- it was a pretty bad neighborhood, um, at the time. And, [you know, my mother-]98.6852
68LES_int_0197.8552[Nineteen eighty-four,] yeah.99.3940
69LES_se0_ag2_m_0199.4266yep.99.7933
71 100.4875<ts> And my mother wanted to-102.3689 
73 102.7123my mother and my eldest brother,104.1858 
75 104.5775they, um, they wanted to,106.1504 
77 106.6958you know, move. I was- I was a kid.108.4103 
79 108.9414Um, I was like one or two years old. My sister was a- , you know,111.7318 
81 111.9150six months old.112.9222 
82LES_int_01112.9968Oh, [wow.]113.7662
83LES_se0_ag2_m_01113.5004[And] it was like, you know, we wanted to kind of g- get a change of scenery, a better-116.9416
84 117.3241a better neighborhood [and]118.6543
85LES_int_01118.2440[Yeah.]118.6097
86LES_se0_ag2_m_01119.0758this /action-/119.9366
88 120.0656Lower East Side used to be, you know, b- was kind of like a abandoned area. They had124.1782 
90 124.5653whole bunch of abandoned buildings [and squatters] and it was a, you know, huge drug problem.128.5178 
91LES_int_01125.9112[Right.]126.3262
92LES_se0_ag2_m_01128.8969But then NYCHA, they actually, you know,130.8320
94 131.1724made this development Lower East Side too.133.0469 
96 133.5225[Um, and it] opened up in nineteen eighty-eight.135.7821 
97LES_int_01133.7074[Yeah.]134.1317
98LES_se0_ag2_m_01136.5144<ts> And so,137.1050
100 137.5247you know, we were one of the first families that moved into this [development.]140.5339 
101LES_int_01140.3534[Oh,] you [were?]141.1228
102LES_se0_ag2_m_01141.0235[Yes] we were.141.5984
103 141.9059And so, um,142.7842
104LES_int_01142.7982I love these style- the- these NYCHA buildings, because they're so [small.]147.6336
105LES_se0_ag2_m_01147.4554[mm-hm.]147.8714
106 148.0593[Mm-hm.]148.5412
107LES_int_01148.0593[So it f-]148.5023
108 148.6842It doesn't feel like a big- you know, living in like a big, huge tower.152.2746
109LES_se0_ag2_m_01151.6404[Yeah,] yeah.152.7269
110LES_int_01153.1620It just seems like it must be [nice.]154.9105
111LES_se0_ag2_m_01154.7800[And] everybody pretty much here knows each other for the most [part. I mean-]157.8249
112LES_int_01157.2886[Right.]157.6617
113LES_se0_ag2_m_01158.2399I mean, the great thing is we have a dead end block which has a school there, so it's like, you know,162.3120
115 163.0627y- it's only- pretty much one way you come in and one way you can come out, which makes,167.3913 
117 167.7970you know, um,168.5337 
119 168.9254I mean, which makes the community pretty much more- that much more closer, cause we've-172.3477 
120LES_int_01172.3477Cause you don't have172.9586
122 173.1404people just [wandering through.] If someone turns [down here, they probably] live here.177.0573 
123LES_se0_ag2_m_01173.9098[Exactly.]174.6891
125 175.5418[Exactly.]176.3019 
127 177.0526<ts> Exactly.177.7614 
128LES_int_01177.7614Or know someone [here, yeah.]178.8440
129LES_se0_ag2_m_01178.2913[Yeah.]178.6783
130LES_int_01179.1166I actually have a friend who lives right across the street.181.0827
131LES_se0_ag2_m_01181.0827<ts> Okay.181.6376
132LES_int_01181.7402[Yeah.]182.1988
133LES_se0_ag2_m_01182.0573[Okay.]182.4723
134LES_int_01182.4940So I've- I've been- I- it's- I've been down this block,184.8721
136 185.1192believe it [or not.]185.7487 
137LES_se0_ag2_m_01185.5249[Is a-] well do you-186.6330
138LES_int_01186.6330But it's very [quiet.]187.6068
139LES_se0_ag2_m_01187.3651[yes] it is. Yes it is.188.8199
140LES_int_01188.9722It's [great.]189.4897
141LES_se0_ag2_m_01189.3125[So] I mean, I- I- I had so many great times growing up here, man. Um,192.8391
142LES_int_01193.0854You did?193.5266
143LES_se0_ag2_m_01193.5479Yeah. I w- I was actually talking to one of my- one of my good friends,197.1336
145 197.7133um, well actually a childhood friend who,199.4712 
147 199.6530you know, a couple weeks ago.201.5555 
149 201.9938And he just, you know, we was talking about like, just203.9868 
151 204.1426we used to play kickball in the backyard, and207.0358 
153 207.4788you know, play all208.7586 
155 208.9973m- different- make up games, and you know, play all different types of212.7259 
157 213.3368you know, espionage, you know, manhunt games we used to have [over there.] And it was like, wow.217.4555 
158LES_int_01216.0473[Yeah.]216.5882
159 217.6887What are some of the other games that you [remember playing?]219.6548
160LES_se0_ag2_m_01219.0952[Uh, we played,] um,220.5128
161 220.6573I was very competitive so221.8995
163 222.3546any type of sport. We played basketball or whatever, then we-225.2144 
165 225.5693we would play a game called, um,227.2738 
167 227.4136manhunt,228.0174 
169 228.4535where-228.9834 
170LES_int_01229.0207[Yeah.]229.4590
171LES_se0_ag2_m_01229.3984[you] played man- [did you play manhunt?]230.6966
172LES_int_01229.9160[I- I think so.] But tell me- maybe the rules are different, [tell me.]232.5489
173LES_se0_ag2_m_01231.9894[So manhunt,] what we would do, we used to, um,234.4793
174 234.8990you either do a team,235.9309
176 236.1641two teams, [or you could] do it every man for themself.238.3990 
177LES_int_01236.6879[Yeah.]237.0470
178LES_se0_ag2_m_01238.7613And [one person] would, um,240.5986
179LES_int_01239.0597[Oh.]239.6193
180LES_se0_ag2_m_01240.9202you know, w- one person would242.3718
182 242.6702be the person that's it. And you have to like,244.5773 
184 244.9271you'll give like two- a minute or- a minute or so to just247.8910 
186 248.4553go hide anywhere you want,250.1819 
188 250.4757you know, on the block.251.2544 
189LES_int_01251.4456So it was a block [thing?]252.6569
190LES_se0_ag2_m_01252.3502[Yeah,] the whole block. [The whole] block thing.254.3692
191LES_int_01253.3714[Okay.]253.6935
192 254.6910[So where-] what- where would you hide? Would you go like, inside someone's [apartment?]258.0030
193LES_se0_ag2_m_01254.7516And-255.1726
195 257.7839[<ts>] see that was- that was a restriction, you couldn't [hide in the] buildings, um, you couldn't [hide in the apartments.]262.1607 
196LES_int_01259.6381[Okay.]260.0547
198 261.2235[No building.]261.8577 
199LES_se0_ag2_m_01262.4855So you pretty much had to find, you know, different areas around265.4558
201 265.9407the, um, the block to hide [at.]267.6767 
202LES_int_01267.4482[Like,] under a [car or?]269.6211
203LES_se0_ag2_m_01268.7259[Um, well] I would, you know, you'd be surprised- probably have-271.7706
204 271.9773but we have a big [backyard back there.]273.7679
205LES_int_01273.1337[You have the backyards, right. Okay.]274.6725
206LES_se0_ag2_m_01274.1860[And we don't have-] we have a back on our other side too, as well.276.9666
207 277.2824So we'll hide there, we'll hide in the school yard,279.5873
209 279.9616you know. We'll just find different places to hide at.282.6667 
210LES_int_01282.7530[Okay.]283.1333
211LES_se0_ag2_m_01283.0608[And,] you know, if you got caught284.7534
212 285.0938the f- oh no, if you got caught then you would have to join,287.6241
214 288.0858um,288.6547 
216 288.8519that- that person after they find everybody else291.2207 
218 291.6030on, um, everybody else was hiding.293.3749 
220 293.7106And-294.1402 
221LES_int_01294.3042So if you got caught, you had to join the-296.8526
222LES_se0_ag2_m_01297.0414<ts> [yeah.]297.5683
223LES_int_01297.1066[the team] of the [finders?]299.0697
224LES_se0_ag2_m_01298.4402[<ts> Oh then-] exactly.299.7878
225 300.2835[But if it w-] but if it was a team though, that's the thing, if it was individual then I would have to-304.2889
226LES_int_01300.3628[/Got it./]300.8990
227LES_se0_ag2_m_01304.5394say if you're the o- one that was it.305.8804
228LES_int_01305.9084[Yeah.]306.2534
229LES_se0_ag2_m_01306.2208[And,] um,307.1082
230 307.2419we had a group of people. If you caught me,309.1228
232 309.5641um, I would have to help you find everybody else.311.8610 
233LES_int_01312.3539And I'd slowly try to find [everybody else? Okay.]315.1190
234LES_se0_ag2_m_01314.0419[Exactly.]315.0185
235 315.3708And if it was a team though,316.7167
237 317.0898um, you would catch me and I would just be out for the rest- you know, there was like a-320.8637 
239 321.2241a prisoner's thing, where I would have to stay [there]323.7015 
240LES_int_01323.3705[<laugh> You had to go to prison?]325.3196
241LES_se0_ag2_m_01324.1224[and, you know, until-] exactly.326.1541
242 326.4480But326.9806
244 327.1881the catch is, on certain occasions329.2891 
246 329.6948if, um,330.6460 
248 331.0190if one person from332.3899 
250 332.6338like, say if I'm on the opposing team then I'm, you know,335.2272 
252 335.5711one of my teammates got caught,337.2175 
254 337.7770um,338.3738 
256 339.0856I can, you know if I can sneak-340.9741 
258 341.5540sneak to the base where, you know, where my-343.4236 
260 343.6287my- my teammates is at344.9483 
262 345.3726and tag <clap> them before,346.9777 
264 347.1662you know, the other team is able to notice me348.9440 
266 349.2909then they'll be set free,350.3214 
267LES_int_01351.0395[Oh.]352.3714
268LES_se0_ag2_m_01351.1048[so.]351.5834
269LES_int_01352.5999So did they have- so one of the teams to leave, like, [guards?]356.9115
270LES_se0_ag2_m_01356.7483[Yes.]357.4291
271 357.7242[Exactly.]358.7154
272LES_int_01358.4143[This is complicated.]359.6034
273LES_se0_ag2_m_01359.2910[Yeah.]359.9063
274LES_int_01360.0650That sounds fun.360.8064
275LES_se0_ag2_m_01360.8064This is like, you know, espionage [one-on-one.]363.2320
276LES_int_01362.9854[<laugh>] So you have364.6920
277 365.4288backyards on both sides? [Y- you had] access to [both?]368.2451
278LES_se0_ag2_m_01366.6271[Yes.]367.0756
280 368.1845[<ts>] Um,368.8760 
281 369.3423not- a- well-370.0138
282LES_int_01370.5547Like how did you get-371.4762
283LES_se0_ag2_m_01371.9769<ts> well it's pretty much the same front door key.374.3671
285 374.6378The one- [<grumbles> we have a same front door key to get in, so.]377.7015 
286LES_int_01375.0278[Oh, okay. That's nice.]377.4479
287LES_se0_ag2_m_01378.1053Um, but then i- if not, you knew friends from, you know, people from the other side so y- you know, you could always get in, [or-]383.3991
288LES_int_01383.1660[Use] it.383.7069
289LES_se0_ag2_m_01383.7651you'll climb the gate. You can do something to get to the other [side of the backyard,]386.6102
290LES_int_01385.7989[Right, right.]386.7734
291LES_se0_ag2_m_01387.4573so.387.9748
292LES_int_01387.9982I've seen the- the backyard. There's another, uh,390.7729
294 391.9304uh, NYCHA,393.0728 
296 393.3992um, <ts> where is it?395.1711 
298 395.4835On Sixth Street, [between like], C and D [or something] that- it- same layout, [small buildings. I saw the backyards] are so [nice.]403.0838 
299LES_se0_ag2_m_01396.5108[Mm-hm.]396.8791
301 397.8164[Mm-hm.]398.2454 
303 399.5417[Yeah, e- exactly. It's right up the block.]401.4908 
305 402.6875[Yeah, and] they backyard is like,404.2076 
306 405.1229two times as big as [ours.]406.6990
307LES_int_01406.3120[Oh, really?]407.2072
308LES_se0_ag2_m_01407.0067[Yeah.]407.4684
309LES_int_01407.5057I couldn't believe it. [I was like,] oh my [God. I didn't even know] that this [existed.]412.1063
310LES_se0_ag2_m_01408.2564[Yeah.]408.7367
312 409.3149[Yeah, it's a huge backyard.]410.7681 
314 411.4349[Huge.] And they have a basketball court back there as well.414.3069 
315LES_int_01414.6833They [do? Wow.]415.9127
316LES_se0_ag2_m_01415.1060[Yeah. Mm-hm.]416.0101
317LES_int_01416.1551And you mentioned you played basketball, where [did you] play?418.1352
318LES_se0_ag2_m_01417.5337[Yeah.]417.8240
319 418.2472<ts> Um,418.8175
321 418.9559well I didn't- I played-420.0144 
323 420.5087played in a park on- Tompkins Square Park over there,422.6830 
324LES_int_01422.7576Oh you did?423.2649
325LES_se0_ag2_m_01423.2565did over there. Um, I would play, um,425.9890
326 426.2515<ts> the crazy thing when we were young,427.7390
328 428.4104you know, after a certain time when-429.6601 
330 430.1357you know, when-430.6988 
332 430.9610when it's- got dark, you know m- you- you know, our parents would never let us go off the block.434.6461 
334 435.0285So we used to have the garbage can there436.8004 
336 437.1408and we used to play basketball in the garbage can.439.2421 
337LES_int_01439.2537[Oh.]440.3388
338LES_se0_ag2_m_01439.8357[And then at-] at one point we had, um,441.9947
339 442.3350<ts> a basketball court443.5148
341 443.9810at the end of the block, you know, we would- had a- have a portable one, so we used to play all hours of the night.448.4169 
343 448.8179Until the neighbors start complaining, we had to take it away451.0498 
344LES_int_01451.0498[<laugh>] That's too [bad.]452.5839
345LES_se0_ag2_m_01451.1990[but.]451.5430
347 452.1782[You know,] growing up in this area there was always, you know,454.9883 
348 455.4639different- different, you know,456.9794
350 457.4377m- you know, recreation-458.1139 
352 458.3923parks and recreations that you can go to, so.460.4272 
353LES_int_01460.5246Yeah. So it sounds like you played462.3299
355 462.6336on the [block.]463.7891 
356LES_se0_ag2_m_01463.6968[Mm-hm.]464.0511
357LES_int_01464.0884And this is actually a nice block [because it's] not466.5439
358LES_se0_ag2_m_01465.5433[<ts> Yeah.]465.9627
359LES_int_01466.9748a through [street.]467.8323
360LES_se0_ag2_m_01467.7036[Mm-hm.]468.1041
361LES_int_01468.0487[So] you probably could play actually on,469.5827
362 470.0957like [out on] the street [and] things like [that.]471.7930
363LES_se0_ag2_m_01470.2495[<ts>]470.4267
365 470.8091[Yeah.]471.0863 
367 471.6298[Well] yeah, for the most part. I mean, there's,473.6688 
368 474.1741um, we still got a a lot of traffic coming in, you know, um,476.8723
370 477.0961a lot of people didn't know it was a dead end block, or-479.0746 
371LES_int_01479.0979[Oh.]479.8020
372LES_se0_ag2_m_01479.5222[or whatever] the case is. So it's,480.7952
373 481.1589[I mean, for the] most part it still wasn't- it wasn't as bad as some of the main streets.484.7228
374LES_int_01481.1589[Right.]481.5909
375 484.9342[Yeah.]485.3306
376LES_se0_ag2_m_01485.1394[In regards] to the through traffic that they [got.]486.7884
377LES_int_01486.6159[But] then you would also play at- in other places. Like go to the park, go to [Tompkins Square /other/ things like that?]491.2311
378LES_se0_ag2_m_01490.1114[Mm-hm. Go to-] yep.491.4590
379 492.3387And then- then- [when you-]493.1920
380LES_int_01492.8826[That's cool.]493.5261
381LES_se0_ag2_m_01493.4394[when] you're in school you have, um, you know, you meet f-495.6536
382 496.1933you- y- you make friendships with people from different parts of the neighborhood, so.499.9313
383LES_int_01500.1504[Right.]500.4770
384LES_se0_ag2_m_01500.2903[I mean,] you will go, you know, sometimes you go to their area and503.1098
385 503.4921hang out and play sports or whatever the [case was.]506.1980
386LES_int_01505.7224[Yeah.]506.0721
387 506.5384So you d- um, you mentioned, I think, two siblings?510.0479
388LES_se0_ag2_m_01510.1692<ts> I have three. [I have-] I have, um,512.2459
389LES_int_01511.0069[You have three.]511.3973
390LES_se0_ag2_m_01512.7741two older brothers and I have a younger sister.514.5770
391LES_int_01514.6983Wow, that's [great. D-] Do they all still live in the neighborhood [or?]517.8781
392LES_se0_ag2_m_01515.2702[So I'm-]515.6665
394 517.6529[Um,] no actually my-519.1994 
395 519.3066my eldest brother just came back, he just moved back with us.522.3701
397 522.7742Um,523.3524 
399 523.4690my [eldest-]523.8979 
400LES_int_01523.5928[Where was] he before that?524.7770
401LES_se0_ag2_m_01524.9611He was, um, he was upstate.526.5898
403 526.9256[He was upstate,]527.5830 
404LES_int_01526.9955[Oh, okay.]527.4758
405LES_se0_ag2_m_01527.7369so, um.528.3664
407 529.0845<ts> And I have, um, another brother who's married, and he's-532.2723 
409 532.4541you know, his wife and his daughter lives out in Brooklyn.534.6907 
411 535.2503[And,] um,536.1631 
412LES_int_01535.3855[Huh.]535.6326
413LES_se0_ag2_m_01536.4081you know, then there's me and my sister here.537.8442
414LES_int_01537.8442Cool.538.2298
416 538.4411And, um, did you know your father?539.7762 
417LES_se0_ag2_m_01539.9146Yeah, I knew my father. My father actually passed away three years ago to lung [cancer.]543.7108
418LES_int_01543.6026[Oh,] I'm [sorry.]544.7297
419LES_se0_ag2_m_01544.3474[so.] Thank you.545.1074
420 545.2473Thank you. So, um,546.1486
422 546.7035I knew that-547.2584 
424 547.4170he was actually, um, yeah. He was [my father.]549.4034 
425LES_int_01548.8252[That's- that's] a shame.550.5318
426LES_se0_ag2_m_01550.5458Yeah.550.8675
428 551.2373But it's-551.8761 
430 552.4636it's something that, um-553.6946 
431LES_int_01553.8299And did he live with you guys before [that?]555.5457
432LES_se0_ag2_m_01555.4013[yes] he did.555.9608
433LES_int_01556.0695[Aw.]556.9779
434LES_se0_ag2_m_01556.5357[Yes he did,] and my mother was married.558.1165
435LES_int_01558.2657[Oh.]559.2869
436LES_se0_ag2_m_01558.7273[so.]559.1749
437 559.7748It's, um,560.3810
439 560.9499but, you know, it- it's- it's something that I- I've made peace with it, you know, a while ago, [so.]565.5086 
440LES_int_01565.4130[Yeah.]566.1474
441LES_se0_ag2_m_01566.1940Yeah.566.5064
442LES_int_01566.7550Sorry to hear [that.]567.5150
443LES_se0_ag2_m_01567.4078[Thank] you.568.0186
444LES_int_01568.5269Um, and- and so as you were growing up, I'm just curious, what your parents, you know, did for a [living.] Were they both working?574.3149
445LES_se0_ag2_m_01573.0047[<clears throat>]573.3588
446 574.3429<ts> Yes. My mother used to actually work in the World Trade Center.577.3682
447LES_int_01577.5671Oh, [wow.]578.4407
448LES_se0_ag2_m_01577.9147[She- yeah.] She worked in the World Trade Center in the, um,580.5336
449 581.1132in the l-581.5236
451 581.6821in the eighties and early nineties. And I want- I used to be sick,584.5218 
453 584.8715used to be very sick.585.9097 
455 586.1289And so she had to quit her job587.7678 
457 587.9099for us to go on welfare.589.2017 
459 589.6058[Um, so she] would be able to take care of me. [And my father-]592.1088 
460LES_int_01589.6711[Oh no.]590.2446
462 591.4742[/inaudible/]591.7381 
463 592.3676Can I ask what you were-593.4448
464LES_se0_ag2_m_01593.6025I had asthma. I had asthma and I had immune deficiency,596.3591
466 596.7508um, <ts> and- [what else?]598.9500 
467LES_int_01598.4651[When you- when] you were like, a little kid?600.0469
468LES_se0_ag2_m_01600.0414Yeah. When [I was like- yeah.]601.6474
469LES_int_01600.7513[Oh, I'm sorry.]602.2715
470LES_se0_ag2_m_01602.1222[Yeah,] it's-602.7517
471 603.2693it's all- I'm- I'm- I'm a lot better now, though.605.3396
472LES_int_01605.3396How does asthma work? Is that like a genetic- [something] that's genetic, [or?]609.1417
473LES_se0_ag2_m_01608.1574[<ts>]608.2926
475 608.9175[Well] it's- it's a-609.9174 
476 610.0625yeah that's-610.6008
478 610.8106my brother- my- my second eldest brother had asthma.613.4062 
479LES_int_01613.4062Huh.613.8592
480LES_se0_ag2_m_01613.8786And, um, I believe it's- I'm-615.5838
482 616.7323I'm not- I'm not specfic- um, I'm not sure in regards to how specific it is when it comes down to621.9065 
483LES_int_01621.9065Or [like, combination or both or something.] Yeah.624.8984
484LES_se0_ag2_m_01622.2965[can it be passed down. But, you know,]624.2922
485 624.9031but, um, <ts> I had it. And my mother actually has asthma now.628.3178
487 628.8073And that's something that she developed-630.2155 
489 630.7019she-631.1029 
491 631.3921she developed, um, a couple of years ago.633.7374 
492LES_int_01634.1617I wonder if it's too, like, if you're exposed to something? [Like,]637.1159
493LES_se0_ag2_m_01636.9579[<ts>]637.1538
494 637.5127[Possibly. I-]638.2635
495LES_int_01637.9604[I don't know,] asbestos or in a school or something like [that?]641.2939
496LES_se0_ag2_m_01641.0922[I-] you know what, I don't think-642.3508
497 642.4878cause I- when I got it, I was about three or four [years old and I wasn't really exposed] to,646.8383
498LES_int_01644.9872[<ts> Oh.]646.1395
499LES_se0_ag2_m_01647.2487um, well at least from my knowledge, [that I wasn't really] exposed [to-]650.7239
500LES_int_01649.3204[Yeah.]650.0809
502 650.6353[So] they don't know-651.5959 
503LES_se0_ag2_m_01651.7218um, <ts> I think [it- it] could've been some-653.7753
504LES_int_01652.7490[/inaudible/.]653.0727
505LES_se0_ag2_m_01653.9288I'm not even sure.654.9639
507 655.5235But, um, one, I wound up having asthma.657.1089 
509 657.2581[And I had, um,]658.2464 
510LES_int_01657.3331[/Oh./]658.0619
511LES_se0_ag2_m_01658.4968<ts> an immune deficiency, and a-660.0449
513 660.4785and so, um, [me-]661.5524 
514LES_int_01661.2027[So what] was your mom doing in the World Trade [Center?]663.4997
515LES_se0_ag2_m_01663.4082[<ts>] she used to be a computer operator,665.0641
516LES_int_01665.2578[Oh. And so then-] then she came home to stay with [you?]668.4505
517LES_se0_ag2_m_01665.7660[so.]666.3069
519 668.2840[Mm-hm.] <ts> And my father was a- a-670.7521 
520 671.2743a master locksmith,672.5146
521LES_int_01672.9856[Wow.]673.4845
522LES_se0_ag2_m_01673.2349[so.]673.5964
523LES_int_01673.7783In the neighborhood?674.4358
524LES_se0_ag2_m_01674.7636<ts> Um, no actually in Brooklyn.676.2743
525LES_int_01676.4096Oh, [okay.]676.9878
526LES_se0_ag2_m_01676.8945[In] Brooklyn.677.5722
527 678.0462So, [um, yeah that's what they did and-]679.8025
528LES_int_01678.2078[Oh. S- well] that must've been hard, playing all these games if you had asthma.683.2188
529LES_se0_ag2_m_01683.2638Well that's- that's the thing, it- it was i-685.4595
531 685.6186it was pretty difficult at times, but you know,687.5863 
533 688.1193I, you know, I always wanted- always wanted to feel like I was690.9031 
535 691.1409at- just like everybody else. [You know,] and sometimes of course my medical conditions695.2130 
536LES_int_01692.7137[Yeah.]693.0494
537LES_se0_ag2_m_01695.5580limited me from- from being able to enjoy698.0963
539 698.5283some of the activities a lot of, you know-700.3263 
541 700.5970[you know, a lot] of my friends701.8552 
542LES_int_01700.6763[Yeah.]701.0289
543LES_se0_ag2_m_01702.3237and you know, were able to do. And-704.1749
544LES_int_01704.7991But were you able to, you know, [you had your-]706.9819
545LES_se0_ag2_m_01706.3291[<clears throat>]706.6648
546LES_int_01707.3503your medication and things like that. You were still able to run [around and play and things like that.]711.8188
547LES_se0_ag2_m_01710.0795[<ts> Yeah. I- I- that was- I] was definitely an- that was a necessity, always had that.714.2605
548 714.6382You know, I have my pump with me, [you know, everywhere] I went because717.3550
549LES_int_01716.0121[Yeah.]716.3909
550LES_se0_ag2_m_01717.7654it was, um, I mean there was no telling when I was able to catch a asthma attack. And then-721.5857
552 721.9960and I used to be in and out of the hospital a lot, so724.3228 
553LES_int_01724.4428[Wow.]724.9507
554LES_se0_ag2_m_01724.5870[it was something] that I definitely had to-726.2749
555LES_int_01726.5188I'm so sorry.727.3768
556LES_se0_ag2_m_01727.3815yeah.727.7196
557LES_int_01727.7498How often did it happen that you would have an asthma [attack?]730.1046
558LES_se0_ag2_m_01729.8295[<ts>] Um, it would-731.4149
559LES_int_01731.8003Like everyday?732.6209
560LES_se0_ag2_m_01732.8727Not every- not necessarily every day, [but] um,735.3674
561LES_int_01734.6990[Oh.]734.9414
562LES_se0_ag2_m_01735.7481<ts> it would- it would definitely be-737.3895
564 738.1929it was real consistent enough where I missed a lot of school.741.2517 
565LES_int_01741.6761[You did?]742.1594
566LES_se0_ag2_m_01741.8206[And,] yeah I missed a lot of school. And actually the doctors so-744.3136
567 744.8126once told my mother that I wouldn't-746.2609
569 746.6777I wouldn't live to see past the age of twelve.749.3183 
571 749.8919Yeah.750.3675 
573 750.7638[Mm-hm.]751.2395 
574LES_int_01750.8881[Oh my gosh.]752.2637
575LES_se0_ag2_m_01751.9093[Yep.]752.2450
576 753.2942<ts> Yep.753.6329
578 753.8101But, um-754.4588 
579LES_int_01754.6168And look at you [now.]755.8910
580LES_se0_ag2_m_01755.4598[I'm] gonna be twenty-five in November,757.5994
581LES_int_01757.6181[Yeah.]758.5833
582LES_se0_ag2_m_01757.8652[so.]758.3455
583LES_int_01758.7775Well [that's terrific.]759.8189
584LES_se0_ag2_m_01758.9267[It's definitely a blessing,] yes.760.5870
585LES_int_01760.6707What- I mean,761.4587
587 762.3027why would they say that?763.2507 
589 763.3766[A- n-] asthma's not normally a- like a m- um, [disease where you would pass] away, right?767.7231 
590LES_se0_ag2_m_01763.5164[<ts>]763.6330
592 766.3561[Y- yeah.]767.1582 
593 767.8127<ts> Well it's not- it wasn't just necessarily the a-770.0972
595 770.3700asthma was a, uh, a major part of it, but it was the f- simple fact that, you know,774.0747 
597 774.3752immune deficiency you have a- a very, very low, um,777.3354 
599 777.7302immune system, where I wasn't able to fight off780.4859 
600LES_int_01780.6212[So you would get sick?]781.7496
601LES_se0_ag2_m_01780.7377[a lot of-]781.3206
603 781.6283[yeah.]781.9883 
604 782.2299And so the asthma would be the gateway. Where, you know,784.9637
606 785.2388I'll get the respiratory, you know,786.7543 
608 787.5050respiratory- my respiratory- my breathing would be heavy and I'll, you know, I'll get sick from that.791.2600 
610 791.6237But then I'll be exposed to so many other different types of,794.1642 
612 794.6157um, germs and all that because my796.5958 
614 796.7450immune system was having a hard time fighting off just the asthma. So799.7696 
616 800.1364I was always, um, acceptable of getting,802.5611 
618 803.0134you know-803.6382 
620 803.8541you know, catching a cold or [some type of pneumonia. And a lot of the- and] a lot of the times I would, you know, have asthma.809.3004 
621LES_int_01804.9499[Just]805.6959
623 806.1949[anything.]806.9725 
624LES_se0_ag2_m_01809.6314My asthma will bother me, then I'll wind up catching pneumonia or some other sickness and813.6354
626 814.1017evolve with that, [so.]815.1537 
627LES_int_01814.9611[Oh, man.]816.3675
628LES_se0_ag2_m_01816.1343[<ts> Yeah.]816.7125
629LES_int_01817.1660Wow.818.0135
631 818.6243Um,819.5599 
633 820.0402<ts> I'm sorry to hear that.821.2549 
634LES_se0_ag2_m_01821.2976It's- you [know what-]822.1698
635LES_int_01821.8012[It sounds] like you d- d- d- still did [okay.]823.8295
636LES_se0_ag2_m_01823.2420[a- I-] I still- you know, in this, um,825.4723
637 825.5889I mean everybody has their-827.1416
639 827.7338everybody-828.5684 
641 828.8063everybody has that- their course that they have to go through.831.5623 
642LES_int_01831.6567[Yeah.]831.9878
643LES_se0_ag2_m_01831.6660[You know, and] that's just- it's a part of-833.1255
644 833.5358that's just w- what my life was at the [time and]836.0585
645LES_int_01835.6528[Yeah.]836.2565
646LES_se0_ag2_m_01836.4828I'm definitely837.3564
648 837.7059a lot more, um,838.6884 
650 838.9182of course I'm a lot more stronger now.840.6015 
652 840.9606I'm a lot more appreciative of- of just842.8381 
654 842.9920some of the simplest things, [cause]844.4359 
655LES_int_01844.1095[I'm sure.]844.8648
656LES_se0_ag2_m_01844.8648I mean, nobody thinks,845.9746
657 846.1565you know, no seven year old- eight year old, you know, thinks about848.6308
659 849.0598have them not- you know-850.0188 
661 850.1726you know, them dying or not being able to be- you know, grow up and everything like [that. And I-]853.9496 
662LES_int_01853.4817[Yeah.]854.2821
663LES_se0_ag2_m_01854.3122and I was- you know I was- at certain times that was a reality to me, so.857.6767
665 858.0993And be able to come from that and to be where I am now860.5007 
667 860.6313is, [you know.]861.5452 
668LES_int_01861.2048[That's heavy.]861.9443
669LES_se0_ag2_m_01862.0955Yeah.862.4118
670LES_int_01863.1227[Yeah.]863.6310
671LES_se0_ag2_m_01863.3139[So.]863.7102
672LES_int_01864.0180But it sounds like you dealt with it really [positively.]866.2639
673LES_se0_ag2_m_01865.6577[Yeah.]866.0447
675 866.1566[Well] I- I grew- and the great thing is that I grew up in the church as well.869.6958 
676 870.0562Um, and I had uh, you know, all of my church fam-872.4017
678 872.6208s- family always pray for me and my mother and my parents.875.3927 
680 875.8070You know, they always pray so you know I- I always had that type of support, so even-879.6492 
682 880.0222even though, like, you know,881.3558 
684 881.7802<ts> physically, you know, I was- I was ill, mentally and spiritually I always had to885.7683 
686 886.1554keep my spirits up.887.2325 
687LES_int_01887.7375That's [great.]888.4394
688LES_se0_ag2_m_01888.3064[Yeah.]888.6188
689LES_int_01889.4488Um,890.1342
691 890.2974what else do you remember about891.6497 
693 891.8206the block or the neighborhood at the time that you were growing up? [W- what] like- what was it [like?]896.0326 
694LES_se0_ag2_m_01894.6244[Mm-hm.]895.0440
696 895.5476[<ts>895.6922 
697 896.1445Uh,896.5968
699 896.9045growing- it was just so- it was so different. [Like, um,]900.0287 
700LES_int_01899.3013[Yeah. What do you remember] about it?900.7887
701LES_se0_ag2_m_01900.8062I just r- summertimes were like902.5963
703 903.4123amazing cause you had a whole bunch of,905.3162 
705 905.8151um,906.4522 
707 906.7011first you had a whole bunch of mom-and-pop stores here.908.8787 
709 909.2951You know, where it was a lot of, you know,910.9038 
711 911.4027y- you know,912.0398 
713 912.4168people from the community that were doing well, you [know, that]915.1189 
714LES_int_01914.7304[Yeah.]915.1245
715LES_se0_ag2_m_01915.4811had their own businesses running.917.2204
717 917.5887And918.1700 
719 919.3543you know, it was just something that I was-920.9318 
721 921.6452as a kid like, y- you know,923.1850 
723 923.8555<ts>923.9907 
725 924.3590as a kid it wasn't like, oh wow I wanna be a business owner, but you know,927.2018 
727 927.4640just to see somebody who-928.7887 
729 928.9471who- you know, who looks like you or930.6724 
731 930.9801see like, one of your friend's, you know, parents, [or you know,]933.7732 
732LES_int_01933.1950[Right.]933.6380
733LES_se0_ag2_m_01934.1463relatives running a- you know, running a business. It's like, oh wow. Like,937.1179
735 937.6122I can't believe you doing it, you [know.]939.2173 
736LES_int_01939.0794[Yeah.]939.7135
737LES_se0_ag2_m_01939.7135And, [um-]940.3290
738LES_int_01940.0260[W-] what were the stores? Like, [what-]941.7093
739LES_se0_ag2_m_01941.3968[<ts> Um,]942.0636
740 942.2625<ts>942.3651
742 942.6262Well I remember943.4767 
744 943.6754we used to have a candy store. You know, I- every kid loves a candy- [we used to have a candy store] like,947.9653 
745LES_int_01946.5631[That's right.]947.4631
746LES_se0_ag2_m_01948.3723right-948.7220
748 948.9645right on Fourth Street- right next to the Fourth Street and Avenue C.952.7771 
750 953.1346Right next to the grocery store that we have [now.]955.0417 
751LES_int_01954.7433[Y-]954.9073
752 955.0697yeah.955.5631
753LES_se0_ag2_m_01955.6586And,956.1898
755 956.6751you [know-]957.2891 
756LES_int_01956.8616[Just to-] just candy.958.2885
757LES_se0_ag2_m_01958.3164just- just candy.959.6221
758LES_int_01959.6454That's awesome. [<laugh>]961.2261
759LES_se0_ag2_m_01960.3961[<ts> And, um,]961.2587
760 961.5164you know, I used to have a field day there.964.3890
761LES_int_01964.7293[Yeah.]965.4101
762LES_se0_ag2_m_01964.9625[And, um,] me and y-966.3987
763 966.6132just that and then we used to- there used to be a game- there used to be like, different game rooms.970.7179
765 971.1889[And-]971.6505 
766LES_int_01971.5759[Huh.]971.9037
767 972.0156Like video [games?]972.8109
768LES_se0_ag2_m_01972.5705[<ts> video] games.973.6336
769LES_int_01973.6336That's [cool.]974.3144
770LES_se0_ag2_m_01974.1093[So] we used to have one- there used to be on Third Street, then there was another one that was down,977.5505
771 977.8473I believe on Eighth Street978.9431
773 979.0503and Avenue980.2114 
775 980.3839C.980.8599 
777 981.2946Eighth or Ninth Street or whatever.982.5722 
779 982.9126And, you know, we would sm-984.2369 
781 984.5166sometime- you know, when I was old enough or986.5357 
783 986.8681you know, when my m-987.4324 
785 987.5816my mother used to l- you know, make my brother take me somewhere, we would go down to the game room and,991.8108 
787 992.2226you know, just992.6422 
789 992.8241play video games. And- and it was just like- it was just-995.7197 
791 996.4285it was something that you would see like, um,998.4769 
793 998.9665<ts> I always felt like I was in kind of like some type of sitcom where like, wow.1002.6456 
794LES_int_011002.7542[Yeah.]1003.2531
795LES_se0_ag2_m_011003.1412[Like,] you know, cause this is-1004.0458
796LES_int_011004.4282Yeah.1004.8012
797LES_se0_ag2_m_011004.8339this is, um, and it's- plus it was completely different from what,1007.8694
799 1008.3031you know, life was like, you know, in Brooklyn because even though I- I- I moved there from a early age, I-1013.2126 
801 1013.5549you know, I still have family there so I was always there, [so.]1015.9640 
802LES_int_011015.7728[You'd] go back to [visit.]1017.0472
803LES_se0_ag2_m_011016.6354[N-]1016.7520
805 1016.9152[<ts> exactly.] And- and the community, um,1018.9916 
806 1019.7190<ts> I guess, um,1020.7276
808 1021.3697the community was different. Not- n- not simply b- just because the people,1024.7797 
810 1025.2227um, you know, the people were different, but1027.1452 
812 1027.6520there was, um, a different level of success- like, you know,1030.5864 
814 1030.9175people were prosper- uh, um,1032.3909 
816 1032.7360being prosperous over there. Because not only that they had1034.9361 
818 1035.3736their, um, you know, they had their families, they had their homes,1038.6950 
820 1038.9794had they children in school, they had their own business where, you know,1041.8311 
822 1042.2915where it just let you know like, wow. Like, this is, you know, this is my community that I'm living in.1046.6746 
823LES_int_011046.8719[Yeah.]1047.2309
824LES_se0_ag2_m_011047.1796[And,] um,1048.0889
825LES_int_011048.1495And it was different in [Bed-Stuy?]1049.4400
826LES_se0_ag2_m_011049.2716[<ts> It] was-1049.7612
827 1049.8918it was different in Bed-Stuy because you didn't have,1051.7989
829 1052.2559um,1052.7304 
831 1053.5009I mean, the neighborhood where my grand-1054.9184 
833 1055.0597you know, where my family was at,1056.4026 
834LES_int_011056.4166Yeah.1056.7756
835LES_se0_ag2_m_011056.7954you know, you- you definitely didn't have a lot of, you know, black-owned businesses.1060.5561
837 1060.9224And it's not-1061.4912 
839 1061.6078not for the simple fact that they couldn't do it.1063.9299 
841 1064.3449Well it was the s- simple fact that, um,1066.2054 
843 1066.8069it just wasn't, you know,1068.0207 
845 1068.2881it just wasn't in- in their mentality to do it.1070.6909 
847 1071.1852[You know, so,] um.1072.3043 
848LES_int_011071.2178[Yeah.]1071.6517
849 1073.3021So here there were- oh, so you mentioned the people were different, so like, what was the, you know-1077.5761
851 1078.2929I don't know,1078.8058 
853 1078.9037ethnic, [racial make] up1080.6413 
854LES_se0_ag2_m_011079.8999[<ts> Well,]1080.3476
855LES_int_011080.8885when you were growing up?1081.6889
856LES_se0_ag2_m_011081.6889<ts> growing up,]1082.3076
857LES_int_011082.0759[I'm sure] it's different now.1083.1530
858LES_se0_ag2_m_011083.1810yeah. Well growing up here was, um,1084.9275
860 1085.1674of course there was a lot of, um,1086.4854 
862 1087.2034<ts>1087.3387 
864 1087.7723you know, hm-1088.1827 
866 1088.4111it was a- a very heavy, um, Hispanic [population here.]1091.6513 
867LES_int_011091.1194[Right.]1091.5134
868LES_se0_ag2_m_011092.0822And so y- you know, another aspect, especially summertimes,1095.0863
870 1095.5265you know, you'll always hear,1097.0979 
872 1097.6605<ts> you know-1098.1408 
874 1098.4236you know, some salsa, merengue playing1100.3540 
876 1100.7581down the streets. I know, um,1102.0590 
878 1102.4693<ts>1102.5999 
880 1102.7398we would have-1103.1781 
882 1103.3366sometimes we'd have like, different street festivals and1105.8017 
884 1106.2214it'll be people that1107.1866 
886 1107.3515be right outside, in- you know, in front of the building just1109.9245 
888 1110.3448playing it- playing the bongos. Got, you know, just everybody just playing just free music and1114.3719 
890 1114.8102people walking [by] and, you know,1116.9861 
891LES_int_011115.5313[/?/]1115.6619
892LES_se0_ag2_m_011117.5504kids playing in the park, you know, play- you know.1119.7153
894 1119.8646We would have, you know, block parties and kids is riding their bikes.1122.8628 
895LES_int_011123.0400[Yeah.]1123.4690
896LES_se0_ag2_m_011123.2638[And,] you know,1124.0192
897 1124.5242it was just like, um, euphoria, you know what I'm saying. Like a- as a kid [just, you know,]1128.3851
898LES_int_011127.8022[Really happy.]1128.6831
899LES_se0_ag2_m_011128.7115everybody is, you know,1129.8348
901 1130.2936everybody's just out enjoying themselves1132.4432 
903 1132.7323and, you know.1133.3665 
905 1134.0286<ts> There used to- when it used to be real hot, when we used to really have heat waves,1136.9664 
906LES_int_011137.2211[Yeah.]1137.5645
907LES_se0_ag2_m_011137.2847[We turn on] the johnny pump1138.6136
908 1138.9494and then if you look-1139.7591
910 1139.8990the crazy thing is if you'll look, um,1141.7828 
912 1142.4729<ts> if you're going down, um,1144.1346 
914 1144.2758different streets1145.2923 
916 1145.7493on like Avenue C, if you look down the different blocks, you'll see different, um,1149.3831 
918 1149.8261you know, just a johnny pump on and1151.8311 
920 1152.3781it'll be like, you know,1153.5449 
922 1153.9635you just see the water up in the air. Up like, ten, fifteen feet up in the air, just people1158.2890 
923LES_int_011158.5268[/like kids are just/]1159.4408
924LES_se0_ag2_m_011158.6807[getting wet, and] it's just-1159.8324
925LES_int_011160.0127[Playing.]1160.7325
926LES_se0_ag2_m_011160.0546[<clap>]1160.2505
928 1160.5489[enjoying] themselves.1161.7548 
929LES_int_011161.9632That's [great.]1162.8491
930LES_se0_ag2_m_011162.7279[So] it was, um-1163.8097
931LES_int_011164.5138And what about, like, the black or African American [community here?] Was it-1168.6964
932LES_se0_ag2_m_011167.3442[<ts> Yeah, it-]1167.9736
933 1168.9636<ts> it was definitely there, I mean the [m-]1170.4044
934LES_int_011170.2272[like] who were your friends? Were they, you know, were [they a mix, or?]1173.1882
935LES_se0_ag2_m_011172.2369[<ts> I had a mix. It was] a mix. You know, and that- and that was a great thing that I loved about1175.9470
936 1176.3727living in this area, [it was like,] you know,1178.0747
937LES_int_011177.2867[Yeah.]1177.6037
938LES_se0_ag2_m_011178.8394um,1179.3793
940 1180.4155I mean, I was1181.3324 
942 1181.4956s- I moved here so1182.6240 
944 1182.8152early on, like /it was/.1183.8877 
946 1184.3866There was, um,1185.3502 
948 1185.8429not to say that there wasn't, um,1187.1065 
950 1187.2137I- I knew who I was, I knew I was African American [b- you know,] I knew1189.9928 
951LES_int_011189.3027[Yeah.]1189.6249
952LES_se0_ag2_m_011190.3612it's- you know, you have1191.0621
954 1191.1879your Puerto Ricans, Dominicans, Mexicans, w- whatever the case was. But,1194.2048 
955LES_int_011194.2561Yeah.1194.6198
956LES_se0_ag2_m_011194.6292you know,1195.0395
958 1195.5398growing up being exposed, you know, to just different- living with different type of people,1199.8297 
960 1200.2121you know, race wasn't that m-1201.3032 
962 1201.4337the race was1202.1719 
964 1202.3398never really a issue like that.1203.8875 
966 1204.3588In regards to- at least with me, you [know, in regards to] just being able to1208.3579 
967LES_int_011206.3249[To everyone else.]1207.1116
968LES_se0_ag2_m_011208.8009you know, or I'm not gonna- I'm not gonna kick it with him cause he's,1211.8675
970 1212.2265you know, he's- you know,1213.3424 
972 1213.5522so natio- such and such nationality. It was never like that.1216.6717 
973LES_int_011216.7509That's [cool.]1217.3198
974LES_se0_ag2_m_011217.2399[And,] you know,1217.9213
975 1218.3627and it- it did a lot for, you know,1220.0133
977 1220.6368for everybody. You know, especially for me because, um,1223.1342 
979 1223.6378know, as I, you know, got older, you know, went away to school and all that, you know,1227.2499 
981 1227.6976just being exposed to people from different cultures and nationalities.1231.3843 
982LES_int_011231.6035[Right.]1231.8816
983LES_se0_ag2_m_011231.7557[You know,] it- it- it made me learn more about, you know,1234.6281
984 1234.9249[The- m-] made me wanna learn more about the rest of the world and learn about those cultures. And1239.0872
985LES_int_011234.9249[Right.]1235.2702
986LES_se0_ag2_m_011239.4556[you know,] and being able to- it made me learn m- more about myself and1242.6527
987LES_int_011239.4556[Yeah.]1239.8083
988LES_se0_ag2_m_011243.1297you know, what type of- you know,1244.6638
990 1245.3259<ts> what type of school I wanted to go to in regard for colleges, cause1248.2869 
992 1248.6599we had historically black colleges, but I knew that,1250.9851 
994 1251.3735um,1251.9284 
996 1252.2035<ts> growing up in this area,1253.6583 
997LES_int_011253.8682[Mm-hm.]1254.3345
998LES_se0_ag2_m_011254.0733[um,]1254.5163
999 1254.7168I knew that going into a historically black college, that wasn't-1257.8051
1001 1258.2947that wasn't my reality. First that wasn't the world's reality, you know, you were gonna have to work with different types of people.1263.4222 
1002LES_int_011263.7673[Mm-hm.]1264.5460
1003LES_se0_ag2_m_011263.7999[So, you know,]1264.6019
1004 1264.9671[growing- you know, I wanted to go to- exactly.]1267.7928
1005LES_int_011265.3308[You wanted to go to a more diverse place.]1267.5177
1006LES_se0_ag2_m_011268.2264Exactly, so.1269.3222
1007LES_int_011269.4791Yeah, that is- that would make sense.1270.8920
1008LES_se0_ag2_m_011270.8920Mm-hm.1271.2277
1009LES_int_011271.2277Now did that,1271.9365
1011 1272.1043um,1272.8084 
1013 1273.0570so it sounds like you sort of felt like there was a lot of tolerance in the neighborhood, that there weren't-1277.3935 
1015 1277.9740I don't know, tensions based on-1279.9222 
1016LES_se0_ag2_m_011280.2766Race?1280.7848
1017LES_int_011280.8501yeah.1281.3257
1018LES_se0_ag2_m_011281.3490Um,1281.9411
1020 1282.1417<ts>1282.2443 
1022 1282.3422I- I- I didn't- I didn't see that much.1284.4545 
1024 1284.6051Um,1284.9828 
1025LES_int_011284.9828At least not for [you. Yeah.]1286.1532
1026LES_se0_ag2_m_011285.7848[not for] me, you know. A- and- but at the same time, um,1288.6246
1027 1289.9222you know, at the same time growing-1291.6149
1029 1293.2096growing up, when I really began to be conscious of,1296.4767 
1031 1297.0782you know,1297.6797 
1033 1298.2966be conscious of, you know, my sh- my community or whatever, you know.1301.0291 
1035 1301.2669It m-1301.5793 
1037 1301.7285at that time it- it was- things were beginning to change. You know, that's when we,1305.0469 
1039 1305.4152you know, gentrification was kind of like the big thing and, you know, um-1308.4818 
1040LES_int_011308.5158Cause it's [starting.]1309.3831
1041LES_se0_ag2_m_011309.1826[yeah.] And- and not only that, people were just beginning to move out, you know, um,1313.0948
1042 1313.7087move out and, you know, new people came in and, you know. It's like,1316.8608
1043LES_int_011317.1483[Yeah.]1317.7917
1044LES_se0_ag2_m_011317.3861[you know, so] it was kind of like, you know, wow1319.2279
1045 1319.3445I- I knew there was something different, you know, it was something different that was going on in regards to1323.3980
1047 1323.8176um, something different that was going on in general, but I didn't know how much it was1327.0214 
1049 1327.4328impacting the rest of the community,1329.1021 
1050LES_int_011329.3314[Right.]1329.8524
1051LES_se0_ag2_m_011329.5993[you know.] And, um,1330.4963
1052 1330.6859and not necessarily to say that it was a bad thing,1332.6396
1053LES_int_011332.8075[Yeah.]1333.2588
1054LES_se0_ag2_m_011332.9691[but by the] time I became fully aware of uh what was going on,1336.3357
1055 1336.7397you know,1337.1827
1057 1337.3645the community had already changed.1338.9313 
1059 1339.0712And,1339.5095 
1061 1339.8233you know, m- but, you know, and a- at [the same time I came] with the same approach that you know,1343.7401 
1062LES_int_011341.5113[/Yeah, yeah./]1342.2527
1063LES_se0_ag2_m_011344.1878change- change is constant.1345.7513
1065 1345.8678And, you know, it happens,1347.0009 
1067 1347.3227so.1347.6826 
1068LES_int_011347.9102So you just have to kind of roll with [it.]1349.7457
1069LES_se0_ag2_m_011349.3774[<ts> <sigh>] E- I mean-1350.5944
1070 1351.3078<ts> yeah. And I think-1352.2917
1072 1352.5814I think the major thing, um,1354.4473 
1074 1354.6755in regards to the whole issue of /genf-/ gentrification,1357.2311 
1075LES_int_011357.5069[Yeah.]1357.8305
1076LES_se0_ag2_m_011357.7114[um,] a lot of people feel different ways about it. [You know, differently] about it.1360.6987
1077LES_int_011359.5702[Yeah.]1360.0390
1078LES_se0_ag2_m_011361.0391I think that there's not a problem, um,1363.0798
1080 1363.7060I think that you- you-1364.5563 
1082 1364.6962you can't expect, you know, one neighborhood to be1367.0090 
1084 1367.5063the same way it is all the time. That's, you know, that's-1369.9473 
1086 1370.4686that's not, um,1371.3974 
1088 1371.7416I mean, i- it's not gonna happen, nine [out of ten] times.1374.0544 
1089LES_int_011373.1498[Right.]1373.5170
1090LES_se0_ag2_m_011374.4678Uh, but I do think that there-1376.4029
1092 1377.4007<ts> when,1377.9725 
1094 1378.4466you know,1378.9362 
1096 1379.4025gentrification is that much of a big issue here, I think it's important to1382.8111 
1098 1383.2695be able to, you know, to talk about it.1385.3911 
1099LES_int_011385.6802[Mm-hm.]1386.0113
1100LES_se0_ag2_m_011385.7268[And not] just talking about it amongst-1387.3319
1101 1387.4941amongst yourselves, but talking about it1389.0608
1103 1389.4462you know, with the people who are, you know,1391.2787 
1105 1391.4450who are coming into the community [Like, yo.]1393.0257 
1106LES_int_011392.6573[Sure.]1393.2029
1107LES_se0_ag2_m_011393.4360Because, you know, they don't-1394.6950
1109 1395.0540you know, they don't see it as, oh you're the /shr-/, you know,1397.4056 
1111 1397.7553you're coming in here and trying to change it. They don't look at it from that perspective.1400.7332 
1112LES_int_011400.7503Yeah.1401.1419
1113LES_se0_ag2_m_011401.1746You know, they look at it as from,1402.5692
1115 1402.7227you know,1403.2216 
1117 1403.3662aye, I moved into this great area, you know, um,1406.3581 
1119 1406.8011I have a new opportunity at life, you know, uh, [of starting] n- starting anew,1410.9261 
1120LES_int_011409.1775[Right.]1409.5879
1121LES_se0_ag2_m_011411.4171and, um, I wanna make the most out of it.1413.1844
1122LES_int_011413.2403And they might not [realize]1414.7248
1123LES_se0_ag2_m_011414.6236[Exactly, so.]1415.7800
1124LES_int_011415.2904[what-]1415.5515
1125 1415.8453what their presence is1417.2768
1127 1417.4959kind of- [how it affects other] people [around them. Yeah,] I think that is a-1421.2013 
1128LES_se0_ag2_m_011418.0026[<ts> Exactly.]1419.1170
1130 1419.4807[Exactly.]1420.2221 
1131 1421.5478[Exactly.]1422.2146
1132LES_int_011421.5478[that's a really good] point.1422.5363
1133LES_se0_ag2_m_011422.7275So, I mean, with that, like I- I never was- I was never angry about it.1426.8728
1135 1427.4370Um,1427.9886 
1137 1428.1285I- I thought that there coulda been more done in regards to,1431.2573 
1139 1431.7546um,1432.3515 
1141 1432.7105whether- whether it was to relieve the tension or1435.0233 
1142LES_int_011435.2922[Yeah.]1435.6709
1143LES_se0_ag2_m_011435.5999[whether] it was to makes sure that, um,1437.5591
1144 1438.4660<ts>1438.6105
1146 1438.7411people were1439.6263 
1148 1439.8508given the fair treatment to be able to stay1441.6041 
1150 1441.9335in their homes, especially if they've lived there1444.3769 
1152 1444.7840for, you know, X amount of- I was always against1446.9476 
1153LES_int_011447.2320[Yeah.]1447.6978
1154LES_se0_ag2_m_011447.3626[you know,] raising- you know, raising the rent to kick people who-1450.5410
1155 1451.1505kick people out who-1452.1574
1157 1452.5398w- we're the ones that, you know-1454.0133 
1159 1454.5308you know, we made this community what it [was.]1456.4907 
1160LES_int_011456.3461[Yeah.]1456.9243
1161LES_se0_ag2_m_011456.6306[You know,] and to just1457.4792
1162 1457.8289completely disregard them as if they were nothing, you know, as if they were nobody,1461.5996
1164 1462.0192so that you can, you know,1463.3528 
1166 1463.6993[be able to bring in somebody] who's able to1465.9981 
1167LES_int_011463.8439[Bring in somebody.]1465.1075
1168LES_se0_ag2_m_011466.3758pay the, you know,1467.0706
1170 1467.6255pay the amount of rent that you want them to pay.1469.4720 
1171LES_int_011469.5076Yeah.1470.0344
1172LES_se0_ag2_m_011470.0625You know, so I was always against that.1471.6013
1173LES_int_011471.6526Yeah, [that's really] frustrating.1473.1884
1174LES_se0_ag2_m_011472.3254[And it-]1472.6425
1175 1473.2487and- and- and that for- that's when you blame-1475.0555
1177 1475.4030that's when kind of blame or criticize the landlords, cause they're the one who,1479.0384 
1179 1479.4797you know, you are in control [of doing this.]1481.2983 
1180LES_int_011480.5522[The real estate, /??/,]1482.0723
1181LES_se0_ag2_m_011481.4988[Exactly.]1482.2821
1182LES_int_011482.5043industry or [whatever it is. Yeah,] yeah.1485.0176
1183LES_se0_ag2_m_011483.4136[<ts> Exactly.]1484.3275
1184LES_int_011486.5438Um, let me ask you real quick just about, uh, your schooling history. So did you go to schools in the [neighborhood?]1492.8651
1185LES_se0_ag2_m_011492.4501[<ts> Mm-hm.]1493.0842
1186 1493.3531<ts> I went [to-]1494.2064
1187LES_int_011494.1364[What's] your, like-1494.7528
1188LES_se0_ag2_m_011495.3099sure. [I went to-] alight.1497.0771
1189LES_int_011495.6689[I wanna hear it.]1496.3823
1190LES_se0_ag2_m_011497.3382I- I began at,1498.3111
1192 1498.4809um,1498.9733 
1194 1499.0852I went to /RD-SCHOOL-6/,1500.4667 
1195LES_int_011500.8998[Okay.]1501.3001
1196LES_se0_ag2_m_011501.0187[um,] for1502.1704
1197 1502.4502I think it was pre-K.1504.0216
1199 1504.6961Pre-K- I went to- I went when I- when I was- I remember that was the first school I ever went to.1508.6859 
1200LES_int_011508.7029Okay.1509.1557
1201LES_se0_ag2_m_011509.2018And, um, I was nervous. It was- /RD-SCHOOL-6/ is right on, um,1513.0767
1203 1513.8258<ts> /RD-ADDRESS-2/1514.7817 
1205 1515.1671towards /RD-ADDRESS-4/.1516.2419 
1207 1516.7665[Um-]1517.2467 
1208LES_int_011516.8970[So it's close.]1517.7830
1209LES_se0_ag2_m_011517.7270[yep.]1518.1327
1210 1518.4838[<ts> I-]1518.8755
1211LES_int_011518.4838[But you were] nervous. [<laugh>]1520.4049
1212LES_se0_ag2_m_011519.4770[yeah, a little nervous.] I remember like, the first days of [school and]1522.9229
1213LES_int_011523.1767[Yeah.]1523.7839
1214LES_se0_ag2_m_011523.2943[I remember learning] my ABC's. And I was like, you know,1525.8915
1215 1526.2676what is m- m- you know, why is my mother leaving me here with these people I don't even [know.]1530.2947
1216LES_int_011530.0056[<laugh>]1531.1247
1217LES_se0_ag2_m_011530.8589[You know,] I remember doing that [and-]1532.6805
1218LES_int_011532.3774[It's scary.]1533.2587
1219LES_se0_ag2_m_011532.9649[yeah.]1533.5012
1220 1533.7996<ts> And then I went to- I attended the-1535.2407
1222 1535.4270/RD-SCHOOL-5/.1536.3836 
1224 1536.8988for- um, which is right [here. Mm-hm.]1538.7933 
1225LES_int_011538.0146[Yeah?]1538.2585
1227 1538.5229[Oh,] yeah, yeah.1539.4089 
1228LES_se0_ag2_m_011539.5204/RD-SCHOOL-5/, first grade to sixth grade.1541.3042
1230 1541.8429And, [um,]1542.6246 
1231LES_int_011542.5547[Cool.]1543.0210
1232LES_se0_ag2_m_011542.9555[after] that I went to /RD-SCHOOL-8/.1545.4831
1233 1545.9243[Um,]1546.2694
1234LES_int_011545.9243[Oh, yeah.] Where is that?1546.9502
1235LES_se0_ag2_m_011546.9595it's on /RD-ADDRESS-7/.1548.4287
1237 1548.8463[And that /th-/]1549.7090 
1238LES_int_011548.8463[Oh, yeah, yeah.]1549.6064
1239LES_se0_ag2_m_011549.8675b- or- at the time, it began from seventh grade up until twelfth grade, [so.]1554.0112
1240LES_int_011553.8014[Is] that the high school that has, um, that great yard?1557.1601
1241 1557.5378With the, like, skate [park and-]1559.9178
1242LES_se0_ag2_m_011559.0686[Yes. Yes. Yes.]1561.5400
1243LES_int_011560.0966[yes. I always walk] by there and I'm like, that looks [awesome.]1563.3550
1244LES_se0_ag2_m_011562.8409[Yeah. Yep,]1563.7175
1245 1564.0626<ts> [so.]1564.4403
1246LES_int_011564.1185[Was that] there when you were there?1565.3449
1247LES_se0_ag2_m_011565.4598No it wasn't. A lot of that stuff w- it wasn't there when I was there.1568.5271
1249 1568.6756[Uh. But,] um, yeah it's cool. Never [been-]1571.5790 
1250LES_int_011568.6756[That's too bad.]1569.3827
1252 1571.2432[So what] did- a- did you like those- so you went there from seventh through [twelfth?]1574.6921 
1253LES_se0_ag2_m_011574.6129[Mm-hm.]1575.0419
1254 1575.3601[Seventh to twelve.]1576.1780
1255LES_int_011575.3601[How did you like it?]1576.1780
1256LES_se0_ag2_m_011576.5790Um, it was actually1578.0385
1258 1578.3586it was one of the best schools I've- I've ever gone to.1580.6201 
1259LES_int_011580.6201[Really?]1581.1330
1260LES_se0_ag2_m_011581.0864[Yeah.]1581.5434
1261 1582.0250And, um,1583.0276
1263 1583.7270<ts> you know at first it was, um,1585.6122 
1265 1586.0958at first it was a challenge because my mother made me go to that school. Um,1589.5913 
1266LES_int_011589.6100How come?1590.2021
1267LES_se0_ag2_m_011590.2021because all of my f- I wanted to go to the school where all my friends was going. So [junior high-]1594.2379
1268LES_int_011593.7334[Where did they go?]1594.4285
1269LES_se0_ag2_m_011594.6659Junior High School Fifty-Six,1596.3120
1271 1596.5994Junior High School Twenty-Two, all these different, you know, schools that was around the way.1599.9759 
1272LES_int_011600.2006[Yeah.]1600.4804
1273LES_se0_ag2_m_011600.3964[And] she was completely against it because she knew of course,1603.2146
1274 1603.6339um, if I was going there where rest of my friends were, you know, it was easy- more easily for me to be1608.4740
1276 1609.0019influenced to do, um, you know,1611.5312 
1278 1612.0067kind of do the wrong thing.1613.1476 
1280 1613.5813[And]1614.0273 
1281LES_int_011613.6449[Less] school, more-1615.0112
1282LES_se0_ag2_m_011615.0966Yeah, well and I [was never-]1616.4846
1283LES_int_011615.9904[more other stuff.]1617.0675
1284LES_se0_ag2_m_011616.8437[and I] was never a bad kid, you know. I was never a bad kid but, um,1620.2693
1285 1620.9065you know, so.1621.5997
1287 1621.7365But she-1622.3753 
1288LES_int_011622.9612She [still wouldn't.]1623.9311
1289LES_se0_ag2_m_011623.1384[She was adamant] on me going to /RD-SCHOOL-2/ and I was like, you know what1626.4024
1290 1626.9137okay.1627.4546
1291LES_int_011627.6458Because that was1629.0634
1293 1629.4797just different? [Or was it-]1630.6641 
1294LES_se0_ag2_m_011630.2071[It was a] different- it was a alternative school.1632.1702
1295LES_int_011632.2908Oh it was?1633.0468
1296LES_se0_ag2_m_011633.2800<ts> And plus, you know, the- the- the one thing1635.3114
1298 1635.8243that, um, that was great about it is that my mother,1638.4992 
1300 1639.1380you know,1639.8467 
1302 1640.4839my mother actually had a chance to sit down and speak with the principal at the time, who was the founding principal her name was /RD-NAME-3/.1645.6529 
1303LES_int_011645.7714Uh-huh.1646.1771
1304LES_se0_ag2_m_011646.2620And, um,1646.9978
1306 1647.1190you know, she really spoke to her about this and this,1649.3402 
1308 1649.7349you know, I'm-1650.1993 
1310 1650.4670I wanna1651.0039 
1312 1651.4849take my son to a school where he can get a proper education and1654.4319 
1314 1654.8282be able to, um, you know,1656.6684 
1316 1656.8130be exposed to just,1658.3704 
1318 1658.8693you know,1659.4179 
1320 1660.0101new things that will be able to, you know, benefit him in the long run. [And-]1663.7248 
1321LES_int_011663.6175[Yeah.]1663.9410
1322LES_se0_ag2_m_011664.4149<ts> and1664.9127
1324 1665.1983<ts> I wound up going to /RD-SCHOOL-2/.1666.5363 
1326 1667.1712And, you know, it was-1668.2940 
1328 1668.8667it was tough at first because1670.6797 
1330 1671.1276I didn't know-1671.7488 
1332 1671.9928practically I really didn't know anybody there, so.1674.0828 
1333LES_int_011674.1212[Yeah.]1674.8338
1334LES_se0_ag2_m_011674.4942[You know,] just meeting, you know, everybody in elementary school we knew each other1678.2090
1335 1678.4701for the most part, from first grade up until sixth grade, and now I'm in this new school where1682.6634
1337 1683.1560I practically really don't know anybody at all. And1685.4549 
1339 1685.6167trying to meet new friends and,1687.1429 
1341 1687.6572[you know, it was- it was-] it was- it was a tough transition at first. I mean, I never-1691.2103 
1342LES_int_011687.7038[That's hard.]1688.5711
1343LES_se0_ag2_m_011691.5927I wound up meeting some good people there and, um,1693.9225
1345 1694.7152<ts> you know,1695.2980 
1347 1695.5482by the time I was in the eighth grade though, I was, um,1698.0429 
1349 1698.4189I really challenged myself to, you know,1700.2461 
1351 1701.0425<ts> in my academics1702.1803 
1352LES_int_011702.4973[Mm-hm.]1702.8750
1353LES_se0_ag2_m_011702.5626[and, um,] I wound up1703.6266
1354 1703.9366you know, I wound up going out to DC our first year.1706.6798
1356 1707.1010Um, eighth grade I wound up going to DC for, uh, a program due to1710.7458 
1358 1711.2727you know, my academics. [And-]1712.7446 
1359LES_int_011712.5907[Cool.]1713.2948
1360LES_se0_ag2_m_011713.4720and then the following year in ninth grade I went to Chile for two weeks1716.6085
1362 1716.9612[at- the school] took us to Chile. And the great thing is [that-]1719.8755 
1363LES_int_011717.0405[Cool.]1717.7586
1365 1719.6506[That's] neat.1720.4199 
1366LES_se0_ag2_m_011720.4246yeah.1720.8349
1368 1721.1334The great thing is at /RD-SCHOOL-2/ they always- they prepared us for,1724.1563 
1370 1724.5559um, for college. And they p- always prepared us for,1727.2614 
1372 1727.6484um, the next level.1729.1202 
1374 1729.3953Is that- is that messing you up? (whispered)1730.6981 
1375LES_int_011730.9868No, not at [all. Do] we need to get it?1732.6586
1376LES_se0_ag2_m_011731.5417[Alright.]1731.9287
1377 1732.7634Nah, I'm not [gonna-] it's not- no, it's not for me.1734.7078
1378LES_int_011733.3369[Oh.]1733.6591
1379 1734.7078Oh, okay.1735.1275
1380LES_se0_ag2_m_011735.1974<cough>1735.5331
1381LES_int_011735.5331No, no, it's fine. Don't worry at [all.]1736.7392
1382LES_se0_ag2_m_011736.5247[<ts>]1736.6599
1383 1736.9537But, um, it always prepared us for, um,1740.0902
1385 1740.4446just for the next level. And, um,1742.2351 
1386LES_int_011743.0012So it was- there was like, an expectation that you [would]1745.8132
1387LES_se0_ag2_m_011745.4073[<ts> Yep, you-] you have [to work-]1746.7922
1388LES_int_011746.4611[continue.]1747.4102
1389LES_se0_ag2_m_011748.0449Exactly. And, you know, at /RD-SCHOOL-2/ that's when I really- I knew I wanted to go to college.1752.0627
1391 1752.4574But, um,1753.2053 
1393 1753.5811b-1753.9498 
1395 1754.6032a- and /RD-SCHOOL-2/ that's when I really began to,1756.6151 
1397 1757.0627um, gain my1758.3667 
1399 1758.4973confidence academically, what I was able to do and what type,1761.4302 
1401 1761.5435you know, what type of colleges that I know I wanted to go to. And, I mean, ninth grade I was1765.5676 
1403 1765.9857looking at Yale University and- and Brown, and all these type of [schools.]1770.1322 
1404LES_int_011769.8356[Yeah.]1770.2925
1405LES_se0_ag2_m_011770.5070And it was because I was that- I was that sure and confident of myself that,1774.1844
1407 1774.5621you know, I was able to, um,1776.0665 
1408LES_int_011776.1349That's [terrific.]1776.9463
1409LES_se0_ag2_m_011776.5826[yeah.]1776.9701
1410 1777.3473I y- I used to- I think my ninth grade I had a GPA of three point eight.1780.9471
1412 1781.6122[And like I always-] I- you know what I-1783.7182 
1413LES_int_011781.6122[Nice.]1782.4090
1414LES_se0_ag2_m_011783.8768I- I- I worked hard and, you know,1785.8865
1415LES_int_011785.8865[Yeah.]1786.6169
1416LES_se0_ag2_m_011786.4957[and-] and the great is that, um, the reason I was able to work that hard is because of the teachers and the administration that were there.1791.4691
1417 1791.8144They always encouraged you, they always took that extra time to,1794.2499
1419 1794.7255you know, working with different project with you-1796.9527 
1421 1797.0600projects with you that you were dealing with, or.1799.1023 
1422LES_int_011799.3292[Yeah.]1799.8141
1423LES_se0_ag2_m_011799.4597[Even if] there was some assignments that you, you know, you didn't complete1802.4487
1424LES_int_011802.6958[Yeah.]1802.9709
1425LES_se0_ag2_m_011802.9429they like, listen this is what you need to do.1804.7163
1426 1804.9494And, um,1805.5929
1427LES_int_011805.9519That's so [/important/.]1806.9338
1428LES_se0_ag2_m_011806.3016[And the] principal, um-1807.7331
1429 1808.4170um,1808.9299
1431 1809.3262her-1809.5780 
1433 1809.7733/RD-NAME-3/'s predecessor, /RD-NAME-4/ who is currently the principal now,1813.4886 
1434LES_int_011813.6726[Huh.]1814.0138
1435LES_se0_ag2_m_011813.9439[he] was so influential, um, in regards to1816.6519
1436 1817.1504just the whole student body and bringing new, you know,1819.7273
1438 1820.1003new activities to the school. We had a, um- a1822.7402 
1440 1822.9058liberal arts program1824.2300 
1442 1824.5740where1825.0427 
1444 1825.4764that's when I first, um,1826.9117 
1446 1827.3090<ts> first really, you know,1828.6862 
1448 1829.0715got into poetry.1830.1973 
1450 1830.6879And, um,1831.5832 
1452 1831.9936and I- I wanna develop in my poetry skills, and I- I've developed a passion for it.1835.9088 
1454 1836.4489And [so it was] just so many things that they-1839.0345 
1455LES_int_011836.8148[/inaudible/]1837.5002
1456LES_se0_ag2_m_011839.4670they exposed us to and1840.9508
1458 1841.4154would take us to college, you know,1842.8173 
1460 1843.0894do college trips early on just to allow us to1845.5275 
1462 1846.0581you know, m- more mentally than anything, allowing us to know that we, you know, we were able to get,1850.5172 
1464 1850.8949you know, we can get into these colleges and we belong in college. I mean, we w-1854.5163 
1466 1854.7168it was just-1855.4209 
1467LES_int_011855.9742[Yeah, that's-]1857.0560
1468LES_se0_ag2_m_011855.9966[it was great, great school] to go [to.]1857.9373
1469LES_int_011857.8720[It] sounds [great.]1858.8106
1470LES_se0_ag2_m_011858.5868[Great] school to go to and,1860.1237
1471 1860.5313<ts> I mean, it was some of the best times of my life there.1863.1425
1472LES_int_011863.4439That's [great.]1864.2600
1473LES_se0_ag2_m_011863.9709[Yeah.]1864.3812
1474LES_int_011864.9920So you did poetry, what else were you [interested in?]1867.1505
1475LES_se0_ag2_m_011866.7017[<ts>]1866.8613
1477 1867.1447[Um,]1867.7881 
1478 1868.2265basketball.1869.1663
1479LES_int_011869.1663[Basketball.]1869.8599
1480LES_se0_ag2_m_011869.4589[Very, I] was a big basketball [fan.]1871.1515
1481LES_int_011871.0909[Okay.]1871.6644
1482LES_se0_ag2_m_011871.7157And, um, I- the only g-1873.2591
1484 1873.5436one thing I do regret is that I never, um, I never tried out for the basketball team1877.4758 
1485LES_int_011877.6180<ts> [Oh.]1878.7115
1486LES_se0_ag2_m_011877.9841at /RD-SCHOOL-2/.1878.7721
1487LES_int_011879.0472[Yeah.]1879.4466
1488LES_se0_ag2_m_011879.0713[I never] did that and, um- but1880.8175
1489 1881.3770I mean, it's whatever.1882.3015
1490LES_int_011882.3733But you played it as a h- as a [hobby?]1883.8281
1491LES_se0_ag2_m_011883.5576[I-] as a hobby, yes. [And chess.] Chess was another thing I was- I was [interested] in.1888.0609
1492LES_int_011884.9565[/Cool./]1885.3062
1494 1887.4122[Oh.]1887.6733 
1495 1888.1863That's [great.]1888.7628
1496LES_se0_ag2_m_011888.5530[And I] took drama, I took acting classes.1890.7763
1497LES_int_011890.9341[Wow, you did a lot.]1891.8931
1498LES_se0_ag2_m_011891.0787[I used to- I have.]1892.1931
1499 1892.6454It's- they- they exposed us to a lot of stuff.1894.7338
1500LES_int_011894.7561That's [so great.]1895.7110
1501LES_se0_ag2_m_011895.0778[And they were constantly,] you know, going on school trips each year.1898.2703
1502 1898.6433Um, we would-1899.5054
1504 1899.9333we went to Montreal, went to Boston,1902.4068 
1506 1902.8770uh, Philadelphia, you know we just went to different places.1906.3156 
1508 1906.7892And it was- it was- it was a great, you know, it was a great experience. Especially, you know,1910.7494 
1510 1911.2203and as a high school student going, you know,1913.3326 
1511LES_int_011913.5112[Yeah.]1914.1178
1512LES_se0_ag2_m_011913.6465[going with] your school to, you know, just different- different places around the- you know, around the country or around the world1919.0274
1513LES_int_011919.0398[Yeah.]1919.7190
1514LES_se0_ag2_m_011919.5900[it] was nothing like it, so.1920.9121
1515LES_int_011921.0945That's so wonderful.1922.1157
1516LES_se0_ag2_m_011922.2602<ts> [Mm-hm.]1922.8814
1517LES_int_011922.7405[And] so what did y- you do [afterwards?]1924.4005
1518LES_se0_ag2_m_011924.2823[<ts>] Afterwards I- um,1925.9610
1519 1926.4739afterwards I w- I decided to go to /RD-SCHOOL-8/ for college.1929.8792
1520LES_int_011929.9491I was gonna guess [you went to college. <laugh> They prepared you well. <laugh>]1934.4146
1521LES_se0_ag2_m_011930.7309[Yep.]1931.0573
1523 1931.6063[Yep.]1931.9712 
1525 1932.3209[<ts> I went- y- yes they- yes they did.]1934.6183 
1526 1935.1014Went to /RD-SCHOOL-8/,1936.6309
1528 1936.8454um.1937.4935 
1529LES_int_011937.6231How did you like that?1938.5560
1530LES_se0_ag2_m_011938.9297It- you know what, it was- it was tough my first- it was the same way how it was in, um,1943.1760
1532 1943.6014/RD-SCHOOL-1/- it was more t-1944.4830 
1534 1944.5984tough socially more than anything.1946.3481 
1536 1946.7631Um, because you know,1947.8636 
1538 1948.4511you were- high school, you see all these movies about1950.7467 
1540 1951.0870what college is like1952.2528 
1542 1952.5575and then, you [know, um,]1953.9199 
1543LES_int_011953.1947[Yeah.]1953.8615
1544LES_se0_ag2_m_011954.2159<ts> you know, I go to college and it's nothing like it.1956.7742
1545LES_int_011956.7855<laugh>1957.1605
1546LES_se0_ag2_m_011957.2451You know, it was nothing like it and I went to a- a small- small, private university.1960.8789
1548 1961.2380Um, you know, it wasn't your [Duke-]1963.3067 
1549LES_int_011962.7704[Did you live there?]1963.5398
1550LES_se0_ag2_m_011963.9035I lived on campus as well.1965.1345
1552 1965.2604I live- /RD-SCHOOL-3/ was, um,1966.9154 
1554 1967.5341the main campus is in Garden City, New York,1969.5890 
1556 1970.1719so, [um]1971.0438 
1557LES_int_011970.8526[That's-] yeah, that's too far to commute really.1972.8208
1558LES_se0_ag2_m_011972.8544Mm-hm.1973.2651
1560 1973.5539<ts> Yeah.1973.9776 
1561LES_int_011974.1507Yeah.1974.5844
1562LES_se0_ag2_m_011974.5844So I lived on campus1975.9320
1563 1976.2630and1976.9951
1565 1977.9244it was just first off, at freshman orientation1980.6056 
1567 1981.1138it just rained.1982.2545 
1569 1982.5514It rained like all day, and it was like a torrential rain. Like,1985.5916 
1571 1986.0719monsoon rain.1987.3766 
1573 1987.5754And you know what I'm saying, it raining <clap> and you move in there <clap> and every- just like, /yo, dag/.1990.6749 
1574LES_int_011991.0131[<laugh>]1991.5254
1575LES_se0_ag2_m_011991.1729[This is] college- you know what I'm saying? It just- it- it was not [a good] start [to my-]1995.0944
1576LES_int_011993.9846[<laugh>]1994.3467
1578 1994.7354[This is] not what I [expected.] (laughing)1996.8181 
1579LES_se0_ag2_m_011995.5731[my college career.]1996.7790
1580 1997.1615[And you know. And so,] um,1998.6396
1581LES_int_011997.1615[<laugh>]1997.8609
1582 1998.9520That's [funny. <laugh>]2000.0975
1583LES_se0_ag2_m_011999.3857[<ts> I just really] wasn't into it and now- you know, I was kind of,2002.1771
1584 2002.7926um,2003.4220
1586 2003.9894I was just, you know, I was h- um, city boy, you know. And I'm-2006.7439 
1588 2007.2907and this, you know, at- on the weekends, y-2009.7651 
1590 2010.1288everything was dead, everybody went home for the weekends, you know, for the most part. [And-]2013.5668 
1591LES_int_012013.5015[<ts>] Oh, [really?]2014.4913
1592LES_se0_ag2_m_012014.2040[yeah,] a lot of people went home for the week- cause it was- it- we had2016.6986
1593 2016.8492we had, um, dorms but it was a big community school as well.2019.4022
1594LES_int_012019.4931It was, and not a lot of people from the city?2021.7140
1595LES_se0_ag2_m_012022.1696A lot of- a lot of people from the city did live, um,2024.6374
1597 2025.0310<ts>2025.1522 
1599 2025.3201live in Brooklyn- I mean, live on campus. But2027.8488 
1601 2028.0679you know, there wasn't, um- my freshman year2030.4661 
1603 2030.8051like, the campus life, um,2032.5271 
1605 2032.7043it just really wasn't as,2034.1638 
1607 2034.7837you know,2035.3641 
1609 2035.5300as good as it was in the later years. Like [w- we] really developed, you know,2039.1141 
1610LES_int_012037.4355[Okay.]2037.9144
1611LES_se0_ag2_m_012039.3645over the years, you know, campus like really, really became like, yeah wow, this is-2042.9000
1613 2043.3522this is great, this is what I want it to be.2045.2177 
1614LES_int_012045.3809So [you started] to like it better as the [years /went on?/]2048.1910
1615LES_se0_ag2_m_012045.5720[And-]2045.9145
1617 2047.1807[<ts> Yeah, and I actually] thought about, after my freshman year, I actually really considered transferring.2051.3508 
1618 2051.8497[From /RD-SCHOOL-3/ to Tuskegee University,2053.9235
1619LES_int_012051.8497[Wow.]2052.2285
1620LES_se0_ag2_m_012054.3707but then, um, I decided to stay.2056.5490
1622 2057.0719And, um- but you know,2058.4702 
1624 2058.9959and from my sophomore year on,2060.9841 
1626 2061.4038you know, I just-2062.3130 
1628 2062.7434I- I r-2063.2750 
1630 2063.4755my- after my sophomore year, I really fell in love with the school.2065.8862 
1632 2066.3572And I- I really began to,2067.9316 
1634 2068.3746you know, challenge myself academically.2070.2771 
1635LES_int_012070.4323[Mm-hm.]2070.8068
1636LES_se0_ag2_m_012070.5536[Um,] a- a- and just trying to,2072.2509
1637 2072.7125you know,2073.1696
1639 2073.4073b- s- meeting new people and just talking, you know,2075.4776 
1641 2075.9966talking to new friends and not just kind of like,2078.1089 
1643 2078.8270<ts> k- you know, stay2080.0207 
1645 2080.1699in the box in regards to who2081.9128 
1647 2082.3535I was gonna be able to, you know- who- who did I think that I was gonna be2085.8134 
1649 2086.1585good friends with. And you know, I just trying to just2088.2675 
1651 2088.6778meet different types of people. And I w- I went there and I graduated in two thousand six,2092.7007 
1653 2093.1230m- undergrad degree.2094.1505 
1654LES_int_012094.2577[That's great.]2094.8614
1655LES_se0_ag2_m_012094.3043[Um,]2094.7007
1656 2095.0488<ts> and I went back2095.8461
1658 2096.0466to /RD-SCHOOL-3/ for grad school and in two thousand eight I got my master's.2098.8216 
1659LES_int_012099.0759That's [terrific. In what?]2100.1001
1660LES_se0_ag2_m_012099.3121[In business, so.]2100.1457
1661 2100.3053In business administration,2101.3451
1662LES_int_012101.7974[Cool.]2102.6899
1663LES_se0_ag2_m_012102.2870so.2102.7999
1664LES_int_012103.3935Two thousand eight.2104.3071
1666 2105.8555That's [recently.]2106.6016 
1667LES_se0_ag2_m_012106.4757[Mm-hm.]2106.9886
1668 2107.3803[Mm-hm.]2107.7533
1669LES_int_012107.5808[That's terrific.]2108.3222
1670LES_se0_ag2_m_012108.2802[<ts>] Yep.2108.5880
1671LES_int_012109.0976So what do you, uh, what are you up to now? What do you [wanna] do [and.]2111.8721
1672LES_se0_ag2_m_012111.2239[<ts>]2111.3685
1674 2111.7322[Um,]2112.2822 
1675 2112.6517<ts> well I was working in politics for-2114.3807
1677 2114.5299for [about a year.]2115.7267 
1678LES_int_012114.8780[<ts> Yeah, you mentioned] that.2116.1463
1679LES_se0_ag2_m_012116.1617I was working in politics. I worked for, um,2118.2321
1681 2118.6797the city council, for council member /RD-NAME-4/ for a year,2121.8178 
1683 2122.2342which was <laugh>2123.3906 
1685 2123.6144an [experience.]2124.6216 
1686LES_int_012123.7310[How did you get involved] in that?2125.3117
1687LES_se0_ag2_m_012125.3957You know, the crazy thing is, um,2127.0230
1689 2127.6292prior to that, um,2128.9255 
1691 2129.6450<ts> that summer I just graduated,2131.6138 
1693 2132.0277um, wasn't really search-2133.4383 
1695 2133.7204um, this is when like, the economy was really,2135.8704 
1697 2136.3423you know, it was like, uh-2137.0418 
1699 2137.5593it was really-2138.3996 
1701 2138.6271people began to start saying we're in a recession, so.2141.1045 
1703 2141.5289You know, um,2142.2749 
1704LES_int_012141.5289[<ts> Great time] to [finish. <laugh>]2143.6300
1705LES_se0_ag2_m_012142.8531[<ts> exactly,] right?2144.2473
1706 2144.6623And I- I mean, I wasn't really stressing it too, cause I had, you know,2147.2843
1708 2147.5594I went to school s- six years straight.2149.4386 
1709LES_int_012149.8317[Yeah.]2150.3819
1710LES_se0_ag2_m_012150.0835[Um,] and I was like, you know what, I'm- my- I- let me just take the summer off and2154.1789
1711 2154.6764just relax. So I wound up-2156.1243
1713 2156.4467by the end of the summer, I wound up, um,2158.1999 
1715 2159.3034<ts> n-2159.9561 
1717 2160.0432joining a non-profit organization. I was just2162.0886 
1719 2162.4803doing some- some, um, part time work there. And I-2165.0215 
1720LES_int_012165.0215Okay.2165.4412
1721LES_se0_ag2_m_012165.4645a-2165.5624
1723 2165.7350and within that period that I was there, I developed a great relationship with the CEO,2169.6315 
1725 2170.0496um, of the organization who happened to be friends with the city council member2173.8444 
1727 2174.2818that was looking for, you know, some new talent, and2177.2675 
1729 2177.8224was introduced to her.2178.8949 
1731 2179.2819And2179.8974 
1733 2180.0140pretty much that's how2181.1377 
1735 2182.0484[the story went.]2182.8597 
1736LES_int_012182.0484[So for a year] you worked-]2183.7923
1737LES_se0_ag2_m_012183.6711[<ts>] I worked for a year. I was her-2185.1978
1738LES_int_012185.2844[/inaudible/.]2186.2074
1739LES_se0_ag2_m_012185.4600[her Senior Community-]2186.5838
1740 2186.9428um, I was her- not- she actually wasn't-2189.4332
1742 2189.8928she was already in office.2191.0429 
1743LES_int_012191.0429Oh, [okay. Oh, okay.]2192.4791
1744LES_se0_ag2_m_012191.5045[She was already in office.]2192.5117
1745 2192.7402Um, so-2193.5007
1746LES_int_012194.1158So you were her what? What was [that position?]2195.6454
1747LES_se0_ag2_m_012195.0870[Her Senior] Community Liaison.2196.9895
1748 2197.2833Which basically meant2198.2905
1750 2198.5096I did- d-2199.0039 
1752 2199.1857um, w- well- which basically meant that I helped out2201.6790 
1754 2202.0145with different constituents who came to her office.2204.1950 
1756 2204.5572They had, you know,2205.3545 
1758 2205.6530problems or- or issues,2207.1811 
1760 2207.4528in regards to paying their rent,2208.8890 
1762 2209.2262in regards to being evicted, or looking for jobs, like we would get in contact.2212.7606 
1764 2213.1360I would get in contact with different city agencies to see,2215.3685 
1766 2215.7137you know, what they can do to help them out.2217.6488 
1767LES_int_012218.0168[/Cool./]2218.2626
1768LES_se0_ag2_m_012218.0295[So] I would do that, I was also, you know, write her speeches.2221.3754
1769 2221.7426I was her speech writer.2222.7451
1771 2223.0622Uh, um, I did a lot of stuff- I,2225.2957 
1773 2225.9112you know, I did2226.5138 
1775 2226.7286organize c- events for her, I would speak on her behalf at different events.2230.1898 
1777 2230.5615[Um,]2231.1478 
1778LES_int_012230.6081[That's great.]2231.1422
1779LES_se0_ag2_m_012231.3790<ts> I did a lot of stuff for [her. I-]2232.5712
1780LES_int_012232.2775[Did you like] it?2232.9583
1781LES_se0_ag2_m_012233.3420I liked it. I liked it a lot, I- I liked it for the simple fact that I learned a lot. It was, um,2237.7620
1783 2238.2675very, very stressful environment.2240.1373 
1785 2240.4730Um,2240.9673 
1786LES_int_012240.9859I can [imagine.]2241.7991
1787LES_se0_ag2_m_012241.6807[yeah,] it's- it was very s- very, very stressful because,2244.8715
1788 2245.6362you know, it was just everything was going on. She was, um,2248.4555
1790 2249.3726<ts> she, you know,2250.3101 
1792 2251.3590she was always on the go, she wasn't necessarily the best manager so, you know, a lot of stuff that we had to do,2256.5617 
1794 2256.9995um- and we was in the biggest district2259.5618 
1796 2259.8670in the city [council.]2260.9628 
1797LES_int_012260.4592[What district?]2261.1630
1798LES_se0_ag2_m_012261.3125Forty-first district.2262.2963
1800 2262.8559And at the time we had- my ch- and we were a young staff, you know,2266.2412 
1802 2266.6482my Chief of Staff was twenty-three2268.2822 
1804 2268.6393and I was twenty-four.2269.7692 
1806 2270.1687And, you know, I was like, second in command2272.3004 
1808 2272.6461and then, you know, her schedule- her special assistant was twenty-four as well.2276.0473 
1809LES_int_012276.2319[Wow.]2276.6110
1810LES_se0_ag2_m_012276.4275[So] we were like- and we had like, other- couple other staff members that were there, but2280.1921
1811 2280.5720it was pretty much my Chief of Staff, myself, and /RD-NAME-2/. Um-2283.7996
1813 2284.1773um, /RD-NAME-2/ was her special assistant. We were kind of like-2286.6703 
1815 2286.9920we ran the office,2287.9899 
1817 2288.3504and you know. And, um,2289.3109 
1819 2290.3880<ts> it was, um. I-2291.3439 
1821 2291.5491it was a great, great experience. Like I said, it was2294.1463 
1823 2294.6467very, very stressful a lot of the [times,]2296.7823 
1824LES_int_012296.6191[Mm-hm, yeah.]2297.5610
1825LES_se0_ag2_m_012297.2579[but,] um, we- we- we did well. You know, we- we, um,2300.5522
1826 2301.1575we definitely, um,2302.1880
1828 2302.5983<ts> we definitely did well. And I think we were one of the hardest2305.1467 
1830 2305.5203working in people in this- you know,2306.8390 
1832 2307.2144<ts>2307.3683 
1834 2307.5361arguably- and not, you know- in the city council.2309.9935 
1836 2310.2779[In regards] to the amount of work that we had to do and, um,2312.9171 
1837LES_int_012310.2779[Yeah.]2310.6323
1838LES_se0_ag2_m_012313.2729still be able to run a office at the same time and still put on events2316.7540
1840 2317.1478in the community, from2318.1985 
1842 2318.5107January to July.2320.8655 
1844 2320.9914We'd put on about,2321.7375 
1846 2322.0872at least twenty-five to thirty events for her.2324.0957 
1847LES_int_012324.8164Was that of this year?2325.6277
1848LES_se0_ag2_m_012325.7070<ts> Of this year.2326.4863
1849LES_int_012326.6722So, um, did you decide to leave or what happened? [/inaudible/]2330.0123
1850LES_se0_ag2_m_012329.0517[Um, what happened was,] you know,2330.5578
1851 2331.2852me and her, um-2332.4517
1853 2333.0898Um.2333.5188 
1855 2334.3425all I- this-2335.3395 
1856LES_int_012335.0606[<laugh>] You don't [have to say.] You don't have to [say.]2337.1155
1857LES_se0_ag2_m_012335.7600/it the-/2336.0118
1859 2336.7579[Nah, I] can say is- is- well she- she definitely, um,2339.5120 
1860 2341.0941a large part of my-2342.0594
1862 2342.1969she was definitely felt threatened by- by us. In- in regards to2345.8923 
1864 2346.3679her- her staff because, uh, you know, we were2348.5329 
1866 2348.8220young,2349.3909 
1868 2349.7079very educated, um,2351.3192 
1870 2351.7316Chief of Staff must've had a master's in-2353.7194 
1872 2354.3116[she didn't-]2355.0111 
1873LES_int_012354.3956[You definitely] knew what you were doing.2355.8131
1874LES_se0_ag2_m_012355.8177exactly. And she felt-2357.1979
1876 2357.5337she felt threatened by it. [And so,]2359.2930 
1877LES_int_012358.9060[Aw.]2359.6567
1878LES_se0_ag2_m_012359.6567because of that, um, she actually let go me and her Chief of Staff on the same day.2363.9263
1879LES_int_012364.4151[/Oh God/.]2365.5937
1880LES_se0_ag2_m_012364.7080[Yeah.]2365.3562
1882 2365.5054[<clearers throat>]2365.8411 
1883LES_int_012365.9204That's dramatic.2367.1075
1884LES_se0_ag2_m_012367.2897<ts> Yeah, but you know what the thing is2369.0196
1886 2369.3786we were kind of- she tried to-2370.6804 
1888 2370.9873there's been more than a couple of times where she would, um,2373.1943 
1890 2373.9310you know, she would try to set us up for failure. Like, we- we had the-2377.4063 
1892 2377.7933she forced us to work on her campaign2379.4906 
1894 2379.7704and we had to-2380.4652 
1896 2380.5911we had to do a, um,2381.9853 
1898 2382.2432<ts> a fundraiser in three days2383.8076 
1900 2384.0757and raise two thousand dollars.2385.5538 
1902 2386.1413And, which is like, you know, three days to do a fundraiser and raise two thousand dollars,2389.7348 
1904 2390.0379that's, you know, that's pretty ridiculous. But we wound up2392.6761 
1906 2392.8308raising three thousand [for her, so.]2394.9458 
1907LES_int_012393.9619[Oh, and] that probably made it [worse. <laugh>]2396.7896
1908LES_se0_ag2_m_012395.8943[Y- yeah, that probably-] but you know, she would- it would just, you know.2399.0138
1909 2399.6726It was just- [it was a very,] very-2402.2234
1910LES_int_012400.7218[/How?/]2401.4605
1911LES_se0_ag2_m_012402.6599it was very-2403.6252
1912LES_int_012403.8956So [this was all recent. So-] so what's your next2407.5373
1913LES_se0_ag2_m_012404.1800[it was an adventure-]2405.0707
1915 2405.5946[yep.]2405.7981 
1916LES_int_012408.1309step? What [do you-]2409.3573
1917LES_se0_ag2_m_012408.7744[<ts> Well,]2409.2407
1918 2409.5298my next step is I'm- I'm doing community organizing now.2412.8451
1919LES_int_012412.9817you [are?]2413.5739
1920LES_se0_ag2_m_012413.3594[Yes] I am.2413.9656
1921 2414.1102I'm doing community organizing now. We actually had a-2416.7261
1923 2417.1364that's why you see those boxes over there, we had a back to-2419.0356 
1925 2419.1662oh, they were over there, [back there, we had] a back to school event.2421.9079 
1926LES_int_012420.2386[Uh-huh.]2420.8681
1927LES_se0_ag2_m_012422.3929Um, where we helped-2423.7731
1928LES_int_012424.1259Who are you working [with?]2425.0445
1929LES_se0_ag2_m_012424.7320[<ts>2424.8952
1930 2425.0631um, I'm working by myself.2426.8210
1931LES_int_012427.0043Oh, that's [so cool.]2428.1607
1932LES_se0_ag2_m_012427.4945[So, yeah.] I'm working- my mother- and the great thing is my mother is the the Tenant Associate President, so2432.2174
1933 2432.5193we just do events through our, um,2434.8508
1935 2435.0326through our development.2435.8207 
1936LES_int_012436.1564Yeah.2436.4688
1937LES_se0_ag2_m_012436.4688And, um,2437.2149
1938 2437.4154and-2437.8390
1940 2437.9416which allows me to be able to work more independently, you know, just with myself and my mother, and just2443.2806 
1942 2443.7716I- I have, you know,2444.9762 
1944 2445.6648pretty much have a lot of control on regards to what type of events we wanna do.2448.9214 
1945LES_int_012449.1121Yeah.2449.3918
1946LES_se0_ag2_m_012449.4423Um, so, um, I'm doing that a lot.2451.4901
1948 2451.8877Um, and I'm always helping out with a couple of campaigns.2454.2858 
1950 2454.6297Um, /RD-NAME-4/ who was a city [council member,]2457.1943 
1951LES_int_012456.4669[Yeah.]2457.1150
1952LES_se0_ag2_m_012457.5207in our district, I actually helped her2459.0594
1954 2459.4215on her reelection campaign where2460.9816 
1956 2461.2727she wound up getting eighty-two percent of the vote.2462.9854 
1957LES_int_012463.0647[Yeah.]2463.6195
1958LES_se0_ag2_m_012463.5449[So,] um, [that was amazing.] Yes, yes. That was amazing success, and we have a,2467.9793
1959LES_int_012464.2910[She was very popular.]2465.2546
1960LES_se0_ag2_m_012468.3958you know, we're developing a pretty good relationship as well.2470.7319
1961LES_int_012471.0816[So you think] you wanna stay in this kind of arena?2473.6585
1962LES_se0_ag2_m_012471.0909[Um-]2471.4879
1963 2473.6819<ts> [um,]2474.3347
1964LES_int_012473.9909[Working in] city [politics?]2475.2854
1965LES_se0_ag2_m_012475.1367[I-] I think, um,2476.3817
1966 2476.8587<ts> I think I- I-2477.8426
1968 2478.0431I- I can see myself doing that.2479.8150 
1970 2480.1927Um,2480.7056 
1972 2480.8968but2481.2931 
1974 2482.3313my- my main focus and now, you know, /RD-NAME-4/ is our- is our city council member.2486.2221 
1975LES_int_012486.2372[Yeah.]2486.6056
1976LES_se0_ag2_m_012486.5589[And] so, you know,2487.4309
1977 2487.8053my- my main focus is this community- is- is the community itself.2490.9168
1978LES_int_012491.1020[Yeah.]2491.4750
1979LES_se0_ag2_m_012491.3208[So] I'm- I'm just committed to doing whatever we can to make sure that we2494.9130
1980 2495.2487provide our community resources,2497.0626
1982 2497.3844um, limiting the amount of violence and, um,2499.6846 
1984 2499.9737illegal activity that's going on here.2501.6513 
1986 2502.0300And, um,2502.7353 
1988 2502.9766/and/ just making sure that everybody is happy.2504.8058 
1990 2505.2395Or- or, making sure, you know,2506.8389 
1992 2507.4730<ts> for the most part that, you know-2509.1097 
1994 2509.6613you know, that we're2510.3899 
1996 2510.8597we're living in a har- harmonious society, so.2513.3264 
1997LES_int_012513.3870Right.2513.9932
1998LES_se0_ag2_m_012514.3336<ts> That's pretty much what I'm interested in doing, [yeah.]2516.3493
1999LES_int_012516.0855[That's] great.2516.7877
2000LES_se0_ag2_m_012516.7877Thank you.2517.2912
2001 2517.4638Thank you very much.2518.3870
2002LES_int_012518.3870Um, maybe I can switch gears and- and just ask you a little bit more about how you've seen the neighborhood2524.1595
2004 2524.8216[change in, uh,] in your twenty-four-2527.4375 
2005LES_se0_ag2_m_012525.5284[Mm-hm.]2525.9081
2006LES_int_012528.3701well, twenty-one2529.4905
2007LES_se0_ag2_m_012529.7424[Twenty-]2530.1807
2008LES_int_012529.8543[years] here.2530.5024
2009LES_se0_ag2_m_012530.5024mm-hm.2530.9361
2010 2531.8687Um.2532.4282
2011LES_int_012532.4282You- we talked a little bit about it, but, [you know,] what- what else comes to mind when you think of2536.3231
2012LES_se0_ag2_m_012534.0073[Yeah.]2534.2871
2013LES_int_012536.8547how you've seen it,2537.5961
2015 2537.9132you know, change over time.2539.0789 
2016LES_se0_ag2_m_012539.3151I- I- it's definitely become more upscale.2542.2045
2018 2542.6894[Um,] in regards to2544.3801 
2019LES_int_012542.6894[Yeah.]2542.9599
2020LES_se0_ag2_m_012545.0099just the- just d- different type of businesses that are here. Just in regards to the different type of people who are around here.2550.4622
2021LES_int_012550.4622Yeah.2550.9145
2022LES_se0_ag2_m_012550.9519You know, which is like I said, is not a- is- is- is not a bad thing,2554.0532
2024 2554.4987um, it's not a bad thing at all because,2556.3403 
2026 2556.5191[you know, change is-]2557.4890 
2027LES_int_012556.5191[Not necessarily.]2557.6569
2028LES_se0_ag2_m_012557.9460not necessarily, change is constant.2559.6433
2030 2560.0629Um,2560.5525 
2032 2560.7918<ts> I- I- I just wish that there were more,2563.4216 
2034 2563.9485you know,2564.5128 
2036 2564.9884more businesses that were here, you know-2567.0727 
2038 2567.6709you know, f- a lot of people who were-2569.2144 
2040 2569.5175I wish there was more businesses,2570.8697 
2042 2570.9863you know, here that,2571.9049 
2044 2572.2779um,2572.6828 
2046 2572.9135people from our, you know, people who grew up here were able to start on they own.2576.5179 
2048 2576.9634[And I think,] um,2578.0272 
2049LES_int_012576.9634[Yeah.]2577.4902
2050LES_se0_ag2_m_012578.6875I think a lot of-2579.7460
2052 2579.8859a lot of it has to- reason why we don't have it2581.9749 
2054 2582.4179is not because they don't want to but2584.3335 
2056 2584.7943just the- the amount of money they have to afford to p- you know keep2588.1360 
2058 2588.3645rent open, you know.2589.4929 
2060 2589.9513And, you know, it- it's- [it's tough.]2591.8957 
2061LES_int_012591.1729[/inaudible/ there's] like, a boutique that2593.4904
2062 2593.8358sells like [two hundred] dollar shirts or something [like- yeah.]2597.4712
2063LES_se0_ag2_m_012594.5239[It's tough.]2595.2778
2065 2596.3891[Exactly. And-] n- the- the great-2598.2650 
2066 2598.6007a great example of it, um, on Sixth we used to have, like this-2601.8268
2068 2602.4910this amazing Chinese restaurant right on Sixth Street and, um, Avenue C.2606.2493 
2069LES_int_012606.2493Mm-hm.2606.6643
2070LES_se0_ag2_m_012606.7995And, I mean, it was there f- since o- you know, since I could remember.2609.9204
2072 2610.3867And, you know,2611.2447 
2074 2612.2565<ts> they wound up shutting down because, you know, they couldn't afford the rent or whatever the case was.2616.5851 
2075LES_int_012616.6271Yeah.2617.0607
2076LES_se0_ag2_m_012617.0747And, you know,2617.7772
2078 2617.8798now we have a wine store there. Which, you know, wine- I'm a- I'm a avid wine lover.2621.9458 
2079LES_int_012622.2295[Mm-hm.]2622.4227
2080LES_se0_ag2_m_012622.3282[But,] you know,2623.0337
2081 2623.3554it just lets you know that, you know,2625.1320
2083 2626.4842um,2627.1230 
2084LES_int_012627.7667It's a shift.2628.4067
2085LES_se0_ag2_m_012628.4387it's a shift, you know. And it's like, um,2630.4412
2087 2631.0879you know, this-2631.7098 
2089 2632.2443this is n-2632.8625 
2091 2633.0556this, um, business was there, you know, since I can remember, since I was a kid.2637.2396 
2092LES_int_012637.2863Yeah.2637.7339
2093LES_se0_ag2_m_012637.7408And, you know it- it's unfortunate that, you know-2639.9642
2095 2640.5797you know, um, they no longer could be here because of the fact that they can't afford it. And there's no fault to the wine store cause,2646.1859 
2097 2646.5625you know, they- they did-2648.0398 
2099 2648.3868than their business and then they trying to open up shop here, it's a great neighborhood.2651.7705 
2101 2652.3106So- [so much and] so forth. But, uh, I just think that I wish there was more,2656.7752 
2102LES_int_012652.8108[Yeah.]2653.3159
2103LES_se0_ag2_m_012657.1995um,2657.8197
2105 2658.5718<ts> I mostly- I wish there was more that could be done2660.8893 
2107 2661.3043[to make sure-]2662.1346 
2108LES_int_012661.3043[Some- some] sort of way to control a little bit [of what's happening.]2664.8278
2109LES_se0_ag2_m_012663.7849[<ts> exactly.]2664.5667
2110 2664.8686Exactly.2665.5798
2111LES_int_012665.6561Not that you're against it, but that2667.1016
2112LES_se0_ag2_m_012667.3301[Exactly.]2668.1370
2113LES_int_012667.8850[there's-] you've seen some of the n- these negative effects [of gentrification] and [things like that.]2672.7172
2114LES_se0_ag2_m_012670.5583[Yeah. Exactly.]2671.8033
2116 2671.9905[Exactly.]2672.7032 
2117LES_int_012673.3387Now, a lot of people talk- you know, have seen a s-2675.9283
2119 2676.3573i-2676.5298 
2121 2676.8236this neighborhood- this area right here has seen a lot of gentrification, you [know, Avenue] A and kind of [moving]2682.3161 
2122LES_se0_ag2_m_012680.4760[Mm-hm.]2680.8957
2124 2682.2666[Mm-hm.2682.6769 
2125LES_int_012682.7282now2683.1805
2126LES_se0_ag2_m_012683.2535Mm-hm.2683.6178
2127LES_int_012683.7338over.2684.2374
2129 2684.5684And, um <ts>2685.6129 
2131 2685.8438so much so that's sometimes when I interview people, it's interesting2688.7139 
2133 2689.3540through all-2690.1793 
2135 2690.3854e- all over the Lower East Side- remember I told you this is the Lower East Side2693.3016 
2136LES_se0_ag2_m_012693.1323[Mm-hm.]2693.5532
2137LES_int_012693.7152Project.2694.2342
2139 2694.6385They will2695.6427 
2141 2695.8563define the Lower East Side2697.3556 
2143 2697.8670a little differently and they sometimes think of this as a separate neighborhood, so I'm curious2702.2733 
2145 2703.2816what you think. Like, if I asked you how- w- what do you think the Lower East Side is [in g- geo-] geographically?2708.8272 
2146LES_se0_ag2_m_012707.4983[Mm.]2707.9646
2147LES_int_012709.0277Like, [what-]2709.6945
2148LES_se0_ag2_m_012709.3495[<ts>]2709.5267
2149LES_int_012710.2663where does it go? You know, what are the little like cross streets that [make up this neighborhood?]2713.5461
2150LES_se0_ag2_m_012712.4580[Well I-]2712.9709
2152 2713.1201[I think] the Lower East Side is from-2715.0032 
2153 2715.3017of course, from Avenue D,2716.4788
2154LES_int_012716.8519[Yeah.]2717.1176
2155LES_se0_ag2_m_012716.9591[um,]2717.4161
2156 2717.5793the whole section of Avenue D and over2719.6667
2158 2720.3537towards, um, where Williamsburg is at.2722.6649 
2160 2723.2291[And,] um,2723.9346 
2161LES_int_012723.2291[Yeah.]2723.5462
2162LES_se0_ag2_m_012724.0558it's- it's pretty v- Lower East Side is pretty big.2726.4805
2163LES_int_012726.6904[Yeah.]2726.9328
2164LES_se0_ag2_m_012726.7976[You] know, um, [it's-]2727.6463
2165LES_int_012727.4364[So] how, like,2728.4576
2166 2728.7187how north does it go, like how far north would you [go?]2730.9770
2167LES_se0_ag2_m_012730.9070[<ts>]2731.0329
2168 2731.1215[Um,]2732.2016
2169LES_int_012732.0821[Like, f- well] first of all you think you live in the Lower East [Side?]2734.1944
2170LES_se0_ag2_m_012733.9939[Yes, I do.]2734.8353
2171LES_int_012734.4019[You're on Fifth. So, like, how] no-2735.6417
2172LES_se0_ag2_m_012734.9917[Mm-hm.]2735.3741
2173LES_int_012735.7206would you go?2736.6764
2174LES_se0_ag2_m_012737.4844Um.2738.2637
2176 2739.6225hm.2740.1051 
2178 2740.7145I'm trying to- north meaning like up towards Avenue-2742.9261 
2179LES_int_012743.1593Like to Fourteenth Street or to?2745.0384
2180LES_se0_ag2_m_012745.8099I would say, yeah- I would think, um, I- I don't even think it would go that far up into-2750.0762
2182 2750.5001I think2751.0269 
2184 2751.3581the Lower East Side is up until, um,2753.6443 
2186 2754.1153<ts>2754.3158 
2188 2754.4650<ts>2754.8194 
2190 2755.4069I- I wanna say up until-2756.8570 
2192 2758.3273yeah, up until Fourteenth Street and about Avenue-2761.4374 
2194 2762.1246Avenue A.2762.8621 
2195LES_int_012763.1207Okay.2763.5138
2197 2763.8869And then east of that, like First Ave- Second Ave- [that's-]2766.9578 
2198LES_se0_ag2_m_012766.6706[That's-] I don't think that- that's not the Lower East Side.2769.0579
2199LES_int_012769.2133and then what about moving south?2770.7966
2200LES_se0_ag2_m_012771.0085<ts> Um,2771.8711
2201LES_int_012772.0204Do you cross [Houston?]2773.7160
2202LES_se0_ag2_m_012773.5777[Yeah,] you cross Houston [still.]2775.1009
2203LES_int_012774.6859[Do you cross] Delancey?2776.0148
2204LES_se0_ag2_m_012776.4112Delancey- yep, Delancey [still. Um,]2778.6577
2205LES_int_012777.7648[S- go south,] okay.2779.0192
2206LES_se0_ag2_m_012779.3647cause it's Delancey- after- past Delancey, um,2782.9438
2208 2783.6928<ts>2783.9250 
2210 2784.8119you know what?2785.3435 
2212 2785.9030After- past-2786.6211 
2214 2786.9102you go o-2787.5411 
2216 2787.6763I believe all the- I wanna say up until, like,2789.7401 
2218 2790.2083about Grand Street.2791.4273 
2219LES_int_012791.6398Yeah, [Grand Street.]2792.6578
2220LES_se0_ag2_m_012792.0471[I would consider] that to be like, the [Lower East Side.]2794.2307
2221LES_int_012793.5126That's the Lower East Side [for you? Okay.]2795.2006
2222LES_se0_ag2_m_012794.6224[Yeah.]2795.0001
2224 2795.2006I would consider that.2795.9560 
2225LES_int_012795.9886And then what about, like,2797.0299
2227 2797.2490east of there, because you've got [Chinatown-]2800.4619 
2228LES_se0_ag2_m_012800.1167[<ts>]2800.3388
2229LES_int_012800.8535do you- is- does that seem part of Lower East Side or [it's separate?]2803.6340
2230LES_se0_ag2_m_012802.8133[No it's-]2803.2096
2232 2803.5314[Chinatown] is [Chinatown.]2804.8743 
2233LES_int_012804.7950[Okay.]2805.0888
2234LES_se0_ag2_m_012805.1867Mm-hm.2805.4432
2235LES_int_012805.8472Okay.2806.1596
2236LES_se0_ag2_m_012806.2809[Chinatown-]2806.8091
2237LES_int_012806.3974[So- and that's] growing, [so that's] kind of2808.4351
2238LES_se0_ag2_m_012807.4279[yeah.]2807.7870
2239LES_int_012808.8781the boundaries of where- yeah. It's funny, everyone I ask has a totally different2812.0316
2241 2812.4047definition of2813.4212 
2243 2813.6030what the Lower East [Side is, which] is really interesting [to me.]2815.9235 
2244LES_se0_ag2_m_012814.1796[Mm-hm.]2814.7227
2246 2815.3692[Mm-hm.]2815.7790 
2247LES_int_012816.2872Um,2816.7069
2249 2817.1312but, so I'm curious if- so say we use your, uh, your definition of the- the boundaries,2821.8981 
2250LES_se0_ag2_m_012821.8981Mm-hm.2822.2618
2251LES_int_012822.3084w-2822.5136
2253 2822.6815um,2823.3070 
2255 2823.7446do you think that all the people that live in, you know, from Fourteenth Street to Grand and the river [to] Avenue A, or whatever it [is,]2831.3619 
2256LES_se0_ag2_m_012829.2496[Mm-hm.]2829.5994
2258 2831.1008[Mm-hm.]2831.4552 
2259LES_int_012831.9122um,2832.4346
2261 2832.6256do they make up a community?2834.4556 
2262LES_se0_ag2_m_012834.9321<ts>2835.0720
2264 2836.0465[Hm.]2836.5221 
2265LES_int_012836.1957[And I guess] I have to ask you to, like, define what's community to [you? You know,] like, what does it mean for people who live in an2840.9580
2266LES_se0_ag2_m_012838.4726[Mm-hm.]2838.9110
2267LES_int_012841.2860area2841.8999
2268LES_se0_ag2_m_012842.4874[Well-]2842.8110
2269LES_int_012842.4874[to be] a community, and not just people who live next to each other.2845.1814
2270LES_se0_ag2_m_012845.2819well I think, um,2846.7134
2272 2846.8393it's different, you know. I- I definitely think,2849.0899 
2274 2850.1343um,2850.6333 
2276 2850.7746I see this block as being one community.2853.0780 
2278 2853.1946[Um-]2853.5863 
2279LES_int_012853.1946[This block?]2853.7868
2280 2854.2485[Very]2854.8033
2281LES_se0_ag2_m_012854.3976[/?/-]2854.6308
2282LES_int_012854.9479small2855.3815
2283LES_se0_ag2_m_012855.3908[yeah.]2855.8654
2284LES_int_012855.6613[for] a community, [yeah.]2856.5906
2285LES_se0_ag2_m_012856.4181[Because,] you know what the- the- the thing is, um,2858.6096
2286 2859.1785<ts>2859.2951
2288 2859.6308the thing is that you could- we all grew up- everybody who's living this block, you know,2863.5419 
2290 2864.0916it's pretty much watched- watched each other growing up. We've been friends2867.4744 
2292 2867.8420or- since we were kids. You know, and so [there's a-]2870.4982 
2293LES_int_012869.9836[Right.]2870.4206
2294LES_se0_ag2_m_012870.7936there's a history that's there.2872.0586
2296 2872.3338[And there's a] common bond that we share there.2874.3575 
2297LES_int_012872.3850[Yeah.]2872.6602
2298LES_se0_ag2_m_012874.6729So, you know, that's what makes- that's what- I l- that's what makes it special. Like, you know,2878.9208
2300 2879.2565We have Fifth Street and Avenue D,2880.5869 
2302 2880.9039um,2881.3741 
2304 2881.9904I barely know anybody that's over there. Or- or people [who I know] as like, you know, we-2885.7517 
2305LES_int_012884.4974[Yeah.]2884.8518
2306LES_se0_ag2_m_012886.1854we've- we known because we've- we've grown up, we went to the same school, or,2890.0567
2308 2890.3461you know, our parents may know each other. But2892.6449 
2310 2892.8578we necessarily were never friends but, you know, there's a mutual respect that's there.2896.3771 
2312 2896.6781But that doesn't necessarily-2897.6533 
2314 2897.7832um, they're part of our, um,2899.2847 
2316 2900.1240they're part of our community, but they kind of like the- th- the distant cousins. You know what I'm saying? Like-2904.1868 
2317LES_int_012904.3725Yeah.2904.8303
2318LES_se0_ag2_m_012904.8303it's like- but2905.6836
2319 2905.9400<ts>2906.0753
2321 2906.8740and I think it-2907.4429 
2323 2907.6621just in the Lower East Side is- is- is a neighborhood itself.2910.6556 
2324LES_int_012910.8328[Yeah.]2911.1376
2325LES_se0_ag2_m_012910.9774[Um,] and I think,2911.8713
2326 2912.5642um,2913.0818
2328 2913.7252<ts> depending- I think you base your community on, you know,2916.5218 
2330 2916.9613at least for me,2917.8567 
2332 2918.3818in regards to, you know, the people who you-2920.3776 
2334 2920.9945who you, you know- who you-2922.0947 
2336 2922.2139who you kind of, you know, grew up with, [basically. Y- you weren't- who you were-]2925.3790 
2337LES_int_012923.5591[You interact with.]2924.6790
2339 2924.8041[You know. Yeah.]2925.9698 
2340LES_se0_ag2_m_012925.8873[interact] with yourself- myself, cause I, you know, I-2928.1933
2341 2928.3539I live on /RD-ADDRESS-2/.2929.4509
2343 2929.9253There's not too many people who I- I socialize with on- on Ninth Street.2933.5685 
2344LES_int_012933.8373[Right.]2934.1580
2345LES_se0_ag2_m_012933.9135[You know,] and- you know, but we're still in the same area.2936.1949
2346 2936.4648Doesn't mean that we don't, you know-2937.7758
2348 2937.9577doesn't mean that, you know-2938.9880 
2350 2939.6410<ts> you know, we're f-2940.2332 
2352 2940.3311from two completely different, you know-2942.0421 
2354 2942.3221they're not from the West Side, but we just, you know, we don't interact like that, [so.]2945.7865 
2355LES_int_012945.4532[Right.]2945.8741